<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:creator>Boehm T</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator>Malich A</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator>Reichenbach JR</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator>Fleck M</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator>Kaiser WA</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>2001</dc:date>
  <dc:description xmlns:ns0="xml" ns0:lang="en">RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES
To develop an experimental tumor model for RF ablation of breast tumors surrounded by fat and to investigate the minimally invasive treatment of such tumors by saline-enhanced RF ablation monitored by ultrasound (US).


METHODS
Twenty-eight VX2 tumors were implanted into the retroperitoneum of 14 rabbits and monitored by B-mode US at regular intervals of 2 to 3 days. Saline-enhanced RF ablation (25-mm tip length) was performed 16 days after tumor implantation (10-minute treatment time, 28 W, 15 mL/h infusion of 0.9% NaCl, which was increased to 30 mL/h in cases of an impedance increase). Thermal lesion growth was monitored by B-mode US. Treatment was considered complete if no relapse was detectable histopathologically after a follow-up period of up to 3 weeks.


RESULTS
All tumor implantations were successful, reaching sizes from 5 to 38 mm 16 days after implantation. Tumors &gt;20 mm showed central necrosis on US. Smaller tumors without signs of necrosis required greater needle perfusion to maintain constant needle-to-tissue impedance. Local relapses occurred in 14 of 27 tumors (51.8%), all with tumors &gt;20 mm. In 12 cases, they were already detected sonographically. In 2 cases, "islands" of vital tumor were detected only during histopathological assessment.


CONCLUSIONS
VX2 tumors are implantable into hypovascular adipose tissue with a high success rate and may be used as a model for RF ablation of breast tumors. B-mode US is not suitable for guiding RF ablation of tumors embedded in fat. The method appears to be more successful with smaller tumors.</dc:description>
  <dc:identifier>https://sonar.ch/global/documents/16462</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>eng</dc:language>
  <dc:relation>info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1097/00004424-200108000-00007</dc:relation>
  <dc:relation>info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/11500599</dc:relation>
  <dc:source>Investigative radiology. - 2001</dc:source>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns1="xml" ns1:lang="en">Adipose Tissue</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns2="xml" ns2:lang="en">Animals</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns3="xml" ns3:lang="en">Catheter Ablation</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns4="xml" ns4:lang="en">Electrodes</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns5="xml" ns5:lang="en">Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns6="xml" ns6:lang="en">Necrosis</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns7="xml" ns7:lang="en">Rabbits</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns8="xml" ns8:lang="en">Radio Waves</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns9="xml" ns9:lang="en">Retroperitoneal Neoplasms</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns10="xml" ns10:lang="en">Sodium Chloride</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns11="xml" ns11:lang="en">Tumor Cells, Cultured</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns12="xml" ns12:lang="en">Ultrasonography</dc:subject>
  <dc:title xmlns:ns13="xml" ns13:lang="en">Percutaneous radiofrequency (RF) thermal ablation of rabbit tumors embedded in fat: a model for RF ablation of breast tumors.</dc:title>
  <dc:type>http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>