Aberg KC Kramer EE Schwartz S 2020 Rewarding events enhance memory encoding via dopaminergic influences on hippocampal plasticity. Phasic dopamine release depends on immediate reward magnitude, but presumably also on tonic dopamine levels, which may vary as a function of the average accumulation of reward over time. Using model-based fMRI in combination with a novel associative memory task, we show that immediate reward magnitude exerts a monotonically increasing influence on the nucleus accumbens, ventral tegmental area (VTA), and hippocampal activity during encoding, and enhances memory. By contrast, average reward levels modulate feedback-related responses in the VTA and hippocampus in a non-linear (inverted U-shape) fashion, with similar effects on memory performance. Additionally, the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) monotonically tracks average reward levels, while VTA-dACC functional connectivity is non-linearly modulated (inverted U-shape) by average reward. We propose that the dACC computes the net behavioral impact of average reward and relays this information to memory circuitry via the VTA. application/pdf https://sonar.ch/global/documents/232876 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1038/s41467-020-15542-z info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/32286275 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Nature communications. - 2020 Adult Behavior Feedback Female Gyrus Cinguli Humans Male Memory Mesencephalon Nerve Net Nonlinear Dynamics Oxygen Photic Stimulation Reward Ventral Tegmental Area Interplay between midbrain and dorsal anterior cingulate regions arbitrates lingering reward effects on memory encoding. http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501