<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:creator>Wang X</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator>Hu C</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator>Schurz L</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator>De Marco C</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator>Chen X</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator>Pané S</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator>Nelson BJ</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>2018</dc:date>
  <dc:description xmlns:ns0="xml" ns0:lang="en">Magnetic helical microswimmers, also known as artificial bacterial flagella (ABFs), perform 3D navigation in various liquids under low-strength rotating magnetic fields by converting rotational motion to translational motion. ABFs have been widely studied as carriers for targeted delivery and release of drugs and cells. For in vivo/ in vitro therapeutic applications, control over individual groups of swimmers within a swarm is necessary for several biomedical applications such as drug delivery or small-scale surgery. In this work, we present the selective control of individual swimmers in a swarm of geometrically and magnetically identical ABFs by modifying their surface chemistry. We confirm experimentally and analytically that the forward/rotational velocity ratio of ABFs is independent of their surface coatings when the swimmers are operated below their step-out frequency (the frequency requiring the entire available magnetic torque to maintain synchronous rotation). We also show that ABFs with hydrophobic surfaces exhibit larger step-out frequencies and higher maximum forward velocities compared to their hydrophilic counterparts. Thus, selective control of a group of swimmers within a swarm of ABFs can be achieved by operating the selected ABFs at a frequency that is below their step-out frequencies but higher than the step-out frequencies of unselected ABFs. The feasibility of this method is investigated in water and in biologically relevant solutions. Selective control is also demonstrated inside a Y-shaped microfluidic channel. Our results present a systematic approach for realizing selective control within a swarm of magnetic helical microswimmers.</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>https://sonar.ch/global/documents/273987</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>eng</dc:language>
  <dc:relation>info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1021/acsnano.8b02907</dc:relation>
  <dc:relation>info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/29799724</dc:relation>
  <dc:rights>info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess</dc:rights>
  <dc:source>ACS nano. - 2018</dc:source>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns1="xml" ns1:lang="en">magnetic helical microswimmers</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns2="xml" ns2:lang="en">selective control</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns3="xml" ns3:lang="en">surface functionalization</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns4="xml" ns4:lang="en">swarm control</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns5="xml" ns5:lang="en">wettability</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns6="xml" ns6:lang="en">Biomimetics</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns7="xml" ns7:lang="en">Flagella</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns8="xml" ns8:lang="en">Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns9="xml" ns9:lang="en">Magnetic Fields</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns10="xml" ns10:lang="en">Sulfhydryl Compounds</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns11="xml" ns11:lang="en">Sulfides</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns12="xml" ns12:lang="en">Surface Properties</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns13="xml" ns13:lang="en">Wettability</dc:subject>
  <dc:title xmlns:ns14="xml" ns14:lang="en">Surface-Chemistry-Mediated Control of Individual Magnetic Helical Microswimmers in a Swarm.</dc:title>
  <dc:type>http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>