Bogerd CP Brühwiler PA Heus R 2008 Both radiant and forced convective heat flow were measured for a prototype rowing headgear and white and black cotton caps. The measurements were performed on a thermal manikin headform at a wind speed of 4.0 m . s(-1) (s = 0.1) in a climate chamber at 22.0 degrees C (s = 0.05), with and without radiant heat flow from a heat lamp, coming from either directly above (90 degrees ) or from above at an angle of 55 degrees . The effects of hair were studied by repeating selected measurements with a wig. All headgear reduced the radiant heat gain compared with the nude headform: about 80% for the caps and 95% for the prototype rowing headgear (P < 0.01). Forced convective heat loss was reduced more by the caps (36%) than by the prototype rowing headgear (9%) (P < 0.01). The radiant heat gain contributed maximally 13% to the net heat transfer, with or without headgear, showing that forced convective heat loss is the dominant heat transfer parameter under the chosen conditions. The results of the headgear - wig combinations were qualitatively similar, with lower absolute heat transfer. https://sonar.ch/global/documents/278842 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1080/02640410701787783 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/18409104 Journal of sports sciences. - 2008 Body Temperature Regulation Head Hot Temperature Manikins Netherlands Protective Clothing Ships Sports The effect of rowing headgear on forced convective heat loss and radiant heat gain on a thermal manikin headform. http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501