Benski AC Viviano M Jinoro J Alec M Catarino R Herniainasolo J Vassilakos P Petignat P 2019 OBJECTIVE To assess triage compliance and the effect of the time from screening to triage on follow-up among HPV-positive women. METHODS We recruited 1232 women in a screening campaign in Madagascar from February to October 2015. In the first period (February-May), HPV tests were performed remotely using the cobas test. In the second period (May-October), testing was performed on-site using the Xpert HPV assay. HPV-positive women were invited for triage with visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and Lugol's iodine (VILI). Systematic biopsy and endocervical brushing were performed on all HPV-positive women for quality control. Three groups were defined according to time from HPV testing to triage invitation for HPV-positive women-Group I: delayed (> 3 months), Group II: prompt (24-48 hours), and Group III: immediate (< 24 hours). RESULTS A total 1232 self-sampled HPV tests were performed in the study period (496 in Group I, 512 in Group II, and 224 in Group III). Participants' mean age was 43.2 ± 9.3 years. Mean time from screening to VIA/VILI testing was 103.5 ± 43.6 days. Overall HPV prevalence was 28.0%. HPV prevalence was 27.2% in Group I (cobas test), 29.2% in Group 2 (Xpert test), and 26,7% in Group III (Xpert test). The VIA/VILI compliance rate was 77.8% for Group I, 82.7% for Group II, and 95.0% for Group III. Of women undergoing VIA/VILI, 56.3% in Group I and 43.5% in Groups II/III had positive results. Prevalence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse among HPV-positive women was 9.8% for Group I and 6.8% for Groups II/III. Non-adherence was higher among rural women, uneducated women, and women in Group I. CONCLUSION HPV-positive women with immediate VIA/VILI triage invitation had the best triage compliance. A single-day test and triage strategy is preferred for low-resource settings. application/pdf https://sonar.ch/global/documents/46467 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0220632 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/31408474 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess PloS one. - 2019 Adult Aged Biopsy Cervix Uteri Early Detection of Cancer Female Humans Madagascar Middle Aged Papillomavirus Infections Patient Compliance Self Care Triage Uterine Cervical Neoplasms HPV self-testing for primary cervical cancer screening in Madagascar: VIA/VILI triage compliance in HPV-positive women. http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501