Aras E Ramadori G Kinouchi K Liu Y Ioris RM Brenachot X Ljubicic S Veyrat-Durebex C Mannucci S Galié M Baldi P Sassone-Corsi P Coppari R 2019 Loss of synchrony between geophysical time and insulin action predisposes to metabolic diseases. Yet the brain and peripheral pathways linking proper insulin effect to diurnal changes in light-dark and feeding-fasting inputs are poorly understood. Here, we show that the insulin sensitivity of several metabolically relevant tissues fluctuates during the 24 h period. For example, in mice, the insulin sensitivity of skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose tissue is lowest during the light period. Mechanistically, by performing loss- and gain-of-light-action and food-restriction experiments, we demonstrate that SIRT1 in steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1) neurons of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH) convey photic inputs to entrain the biochemical and metabolic action of insulin in skeletal muscle. These findings uncover a critical light-SF1-neuron-skeletal-muscle axis that acts to finely tune diurnal changes in insulin sensitivity and reveal a light regulatory mechanism of skeletal muscle function. application/pdf https://sonar.ch/global/documents/46795 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.celrep.2019.04.093 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/31116983 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Cell reports. - 2019 Animals Circadian Rhythm Humans Insulin Mice Muscle, Skeletal Phototherapy Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus Light Entrains Diurnal Changes in Insulin Sensitivity of Skeletal Muscle via Ventromedial Hypothalamic Neurons. http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501