Michel, Gisela Rebholz, Cornelia E. von der Weid, Nicolas X. Bergstraesser, Eva Kuehni, Claudia E. <jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose</jats:title><jats:p> To evaluate the degree of psychological distress in adult childhood cancer survivors in Switzerland and to characterize survivors with significant distress. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p> Childhood cancer survivors who were age younger than 16 years when diagnosed between 1976 and 2003, had survived more than 5 years, and were currently age 20 years or older received a postal questionnaire. Psychological distress was assessed using the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). Raw scores were transformed into T scores according to the German norm sample, and the proportion of participants being at increased risk for psychological distress was calculated (case rule: T ≥ 63). t tests and univariable and multivariable logistic regressions were used for statistical analyses. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p> One thousand seventy-six survivors (63.% of eligible survivors, 71.9% of contacted survivors) returned the questionnaire, 987 with complete data on BSI. Comparison with the norm populations showed lower T scores (T &lt; 50) in the Global Severity Index (GSI; T = 46.2), somatization (T = 47.6), obsessive-compulsive tendencies (T = 46.9), and anxiety (T = 48.4). However, more childhood cancer survivors (especially women) had increased distress for GSI (14.4%), interpersonal sensitivity (16.5%), depression (13.4%), aggression (16.9%), and psychotic tendencies (15.6%) than the expected 10% from the norm population. Caseness was associated with female sex, being a single child, older age at study, and self-reported late effects, especially psychological problems. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title><jats:p> Results show that childhood cancer survivors, on average, have less psychological distress than a norm population but that the proportion of survivors at risk for high psychological distress is disproportionally large. Monitoring psychological distress in childhood cancer survivors may be desirable during routine follow-up, and psychological support should be offered as needed. </jats:p></jats:sec> https://sonar.ch/global/documents/48992 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1200/jco.2009.23.4534 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/0732-183X Journal of Clinical Oncology. - American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO). - 2010, vol. 28, no. 10, p. 1740-1748 Cancer Research Oncology Psychological Distress in Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer: The Swiss Childhood Cancer Survivor Study http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501