Mäder P Fliessbach A Dubois D Gunst L Fried P Niggli U 2002 An understanding of agroecosystems is key to determining effective farming systems. Here we report results from a 21-year study of agronomic and ecological performance of biodynamic, bioorganic, and conventional farming systems in Central Europe. We found crop yields to be 20% lower in the organic systems, although input of fertilizer and energy was reduced by 34 to 53% and pesticide input by 97%. Enhanced soil fertility and higher biodiversity found in organic plots may render these systems less dependent on external inputs. https://sonar.ch/global/documents/58482 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1126/science.1071148 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/12040197 Science (New York, N.Y.). - 2002 Agriculture Animals Arthropods Biomass Crops, Agricultural Ecosystem Fertilizers Hydrogen-Ion Concentration Manure Pesticides Phosphorus Poaceae Soil Soil Microbiology Solanum tuberosum Switzerland Triticum Soil fertility and biodiversity in organic farming. http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501