Genome of the Asian longhorned beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis), a globally significant invasive species, reveals key functional and evolutionary innovations at the beetle-plant interface.
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McKenna DD
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, 3700 Walker Ave., Memphis, TN, 38152, USA. dmckenna@memphis.edu.
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Scully ED
USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health, Stored Product Insect and Engineering Research Unit, Manhattan, KS, 66502, USA.
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Pauchet Y
Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, 07745, Germany.
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Hoover K
Department of Entomology and Center for Chemical Ecology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
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Kirsch R
Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, 07745, Germany.
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Geib SM
USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Daniel K Inouye US Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Tropical Crop and Commodity Protection Research Unit, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA.
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Mitchell RF
Center for Insect Science and Department of Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
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Waterhouse RM
Department of Genetic Medicine and Development and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, 1211, Switzerland.
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Ahn SJ
Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, 07745, Germany.
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Arsala D
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.
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Benoit JB
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA.
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Blackmon H
Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA.
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Bledsoe T
Center for Insect Science and Department of Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
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Bowsher JH
Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA.
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Busch A
Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, 07745, Germany.
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Calla B
USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Daniel K Inouye US Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Tropical Crop and Commodity Protection Research Unit, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA.
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Chao H
Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Childers AK
USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Red River Valley Agricultural Research Center, Biosciences Research Laboratory, Fargo, ND, 58102, USA.
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Childers C
USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Agricultural Library, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
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Clarke DJ
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, 3700 Walker Ave., Memphis, TN, 38152, USA.
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Cohen L
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.
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Demuth JP
Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA.
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Dinh H
Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Doddapaneni H
Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Dolan A
Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA.
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Duan JJ
USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Beneficial Insects Introduction Research, Newark, DE, 19713, USA.
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Dugan S
Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Friedrich M
Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
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Glastad KM
School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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Goodisman MA
School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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Haddad S
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, 3700 Walker Ave., Memphis, TN, 38152, USA.
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Han Y
Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Hughes DS
Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Ioannidis P
Department of Genetic Medicine and Development and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, 1211, Switzerland.
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Johnston JS
Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
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Jones JW
Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
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Kuhn LA
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Computers Science and Engineering, and Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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Lance DR
USDA, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Plant Pest and Quarantine, Center for Plant Health Science and Technology, Otis Laboratory, Buzzards Bay, MA, 02542, USA.
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Lee CY
USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Agricultural Library, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
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Lee SL
Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Lin H
USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Agricultural Library, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
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Lynch JA
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.
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Moczek AP
Department of Biology, Indiana University, Blomington, IN, 47405, USA.
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Murali SC
Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Muzny DM
Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Nelson DR
Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
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Palli SR
Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA.
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Panfilio KA
Institute for Developmental Biology, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50674, Germany.
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Pers D
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.
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Poelchau MF
USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Agricultural Library, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
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Quan H
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.
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Qu J
Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Ray AM
Department of Biology, Xavier University, Cincinnati, OH, 45207, USA.
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Rinehart JP
USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Red River Valley Agricultural Research Center, Biosciences Research Laboratory, Fargo, ND, 58102, USA.
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Robertson HM
Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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Roehrdanz R
USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Red River Valley Agricultural Research Center, Biosciences Research Laboratory, Fargo, ND, 58102, USA.
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Rosendale AJ
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA.
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Shin S
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, 3700 Walker Ave., Memphis, TN, 38152, USA.
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Silva C
Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA.
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Torson AS
Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA.
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Jentzsch IM
Institute for Developmental Biology, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50674, Germany.
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Werren JH
Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA.
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Worley KC
Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Yocum G
USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Red River Valley Agricultural Research Center, Biosciences Research Laboratory, Fargo, ND, 58102, USA.
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Zdobnov EM
Department of Genetic Medicine and Development and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, 1211, Switzerland.
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Gibbs RA
Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Richards S
Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. stephenr@bcm.edu.
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English
BACKGROUND
Relatively little is known about the genomic basis and evolution of wood-feeding in beetles. We undertook genome sequencing and annotation, gene expression assays, studies of plant cell wall degrading enzymes, and other functional and comparative studies of the Asian longhorned beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis, a globally significant invasive species capable of inflicting severe feeding damage on many important tree species. Complementary studies of genes encoding enzymes involved in digestion of woody plant tissues or detoxification of plant allelochemicals were undertaken with the genomes of 14 additional insects, including the newly sequenced emerald ash borer and bull-headed dung beetle.
RESULTS
The Asian longhorned beetle genome encodes a uniquely diverse arsenal of enzymes that can degrade the main polysaccharide networks in plant cell walls, detoxify plant allelochemicals, and otherwise facilitate feeding on woody plants. It has the metabolic plasticity needed to feed on diverse plant species, contributing to its highly invasive nature. Large expansions of chemosensory genes involved in the reception of pheromones and plant kairomones are consistent with the complexity of chemical cues it uses to find host plants and mates.
CONCLUSIONS
Amplification and functional divergence of genes associated with specialized feeding on plants, including genes originally obtained via horizontal gene transfer from fungi and bacteria, contributed to the addition, expansion, and enhancement of the metabolic repertoire of the Asian longhorned beetle, certain other phytophagous beetles, and to a lesser degree, other phytophagous insects. Our results thus begin to establish a genomic basis for the evolutionary success of beetles on plants.
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gold
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https://sonar.ch/global/documents/103644
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