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Progress in Cooling Nanoelectronic Devices to Ultra-Low Temperatures.

  • Jones AT Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB UK.
  • Scheller CP Department of Physics, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
  • Prance JR Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB UK.
  • Kalyoncu YB Department of Physics, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
  • Zumbühl DM Department of Physics, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
  • Haley RP Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB UK.
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  • 2020-11-26
Published in:
  • Journal of low temperature physics. - 2020
Adiabatic nuclear demagnetisation
Dilution refrigeration
Nanoelectronics
Ultra-low temperatures
English Here we review recent progress in cooling micro-/nanoelectronic devices significantly below 10 mK. A number of groups worldwide are working to produce sub-millikelvin on-chip electron temperatures, motivated by the possibility of observing new physical effects and improving the performance of quantum technologies, sensors and metrological standards. The challenge is a longstanding one, with the lowest reported on-chip electron temperature having remained around 4 mK for more than 15 years. This is despite the fact that microkelvin temperatures have been accessible in bulk materials since the mid-twentieth century. In this review, we describe progress made in the last 5 years using new cooling techniques. Developments have been driven by improvements in the understanding of nanoscale physics, material properties and heat flow in electronic devices at ultralow temperatures and have involved collaboration between universities and institutes, physicists and engineers. We hope that this review will serve as a summary of the current state of the art and provide a roadmap for future developments. We focus on techniques that have shown, in experiment, the potential to reach sub-millikelvin electron temperatures. In particular, we focus on on-chip demagnetisation refrigeration. Multiple groups have used this technique to reach temperatures around 1 mK, with a current lowest temperature below 0.5 mK.
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  • English
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hybrid
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https://sonar.ch/global/documents/136884
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