Journal article
Surgical smoke: still an underestimated health hazard in the operating theatre.
- Kocher GJ Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Sesia SB Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Lopez-Hilfiker F Tofwerk AG, Thun, Switzerland.
- Schmid RA Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- 2018-11-03
Published in:
- European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery. - 2019
Benzene
Electrocautery
Furfural
Mass spectrometer
Plume
Smoke
Air Filters
Air Pollution, Indoor
Animals
Electrocoagulation
Humans
Masks
Maximum Allowable Concentration
Operating Rooms
Smoke
Swine
Volatile Organic Compounds
English
OBJECTIVES
Smoke generated from electrocautery dissection contains irritating and/or carcinogenic components. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a mobile smoke evacuation system (SES) in protecting surgical personnel from these hazardous fumes.
METHODS
Standardized cuts with an electrocautery device were performed on fresh porcine tissue, and the generated surgical fume was analysed with and without the additional use of a mobile SES using a real-time proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Furthermore, 2 different surgical masks were tested to investigate their filter capacity.
RESULTS
Several toxic and/or carcinogenic volatile organic compounds including 1,3-butadiene, benzene and furfural were found in concentrations clearly above the limits that were set by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health: 1,3-butadiene at 19.06 ± 1.54 ppm (limit: 5 ppm), benzene at 6.21 ± 1.33 ppm (limit: 0.5 ppm) and furfural at 14.34 ± 2.97 ppm (limit: 2 ppm). Although the mobile SES was able to reduce these substances to a certain degree, butadiene and benzene still remained above the permissible exposure limits with concentrations of 14.21 ± 0.07 and 1.16 ± 0.05, respectively. Both surgical masks were unable to reduce the 'inhaled' concentrations of volatile organic compounds.
CONCLUSIONS
Although the SES reduced the concentrations of most of the detected volatile organic compounds to a certain amount, especially the carcinogenic substances, butadiene and benzene remained high above exposure limits. According to the abovementioned significant data, further investigation on this topic is imperative, especially when considering that surgical masks were absolutely ineffective in protecting individuals from the toxic smoke and that the cautery was only used for 10 s in this experiment.
Smoke generated from electrocautery dissection contains irritating and/or carcinogenic components. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a mobile smoke evacuation system (SES) in protecting surgical personnel from these hazardous fumes.
METHODS
Standardized cuts with an electrocautery device were performed on fresh porcine tissue, and the generated surgical fume was analysed with and without the additional use of a mobile SES using a real-time proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Furthermore, 2 different surgical masks were tested to investigate their filter capacity.
RESULTS
Several toxic and/or carcinogenic volatile organic compounds including 1,3-butadiene, benzene and furfural were found in concentrations clearly above the limits that were set by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health: 1,3-butadiene at 19.06 ± 1.54 ppm (limit: 5 ppm), benzene at 6.21 ± 1.33 ppm (limit: 0.5 ppm) and furfural at 14.34 ± 2.97 ppm (limit: 2 ppm). Although the mobile SES was able to reduce these substances to a certain degree, butadiene and benzene still remained above the permissible exposure limits with concentrations of 14.21 ± 0.07 and 1.16 ± 0.05, respectively. Both surgical masks were unable to reduce the 'inhaled' concentrations of volatile organic compounds.
CONCLUSIONS
Although the SES reduced the concentrations of most of the detected volatile organic compounds to a certain amount, especially the carcinogenic substances, butadiene and benzene remained high above exposure limits. According to the abovementioned significant data, further investigation on this topic is imperative, especially when considering that surgical masks were absolutely ineffective in protecting individuals from the toxic smoke and that the cautery was only used for 10 s in this experiment.
- Language
-
- English
- Open access status
- closed
- Identifiers
-
- DOI 10.1093/ejcts/ezy356
- PMID 30388210
- Persistent URL
- https://sonar.ch/global/documents/14644
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