Journal article
A new testing protocol for zirconia dental implants.
- Sanon C INSA-Lyon, UMR CNRS 5510 (MATEIS), 7 avenue Jean Capelle, 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; University Lyon 1, Faculty of Odontology, Department of Biomaterials, 11, Rue Guillaume Paradin, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France.
- Chevalier J INSA-Lyon, UMR CNRS 5510 (MATEIS), 7 avenue Jean Capelle, 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; Institut Universitaire de France, 103 bd Saint-Michel, Paris 75005, France. Electronic address: jerome.chevalier@insa-lyon.fr.
- Douillard T INSA-Lyon, UMR CNRS 5510 (MATEIS), 7 avenue Jean Capelle, 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
- Cattani-Lorente M University of Geneva, School of Dental Medicine, Department of Prosthodontics-Biomaterials, 19 rue Barthélémy-Menn, CH 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
- Scherrer SS University of Geneva, School of Dental Medicine, Department of Prosthodontics-Biomaterials, 19 rue Barthélémy-Menn, CH 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
- Gremillard L INSA-Lyon, UMR CNRS 5510 (MATEIS), 7 avenue Jean Capelle, 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
- 2014-09-29
Published in:
- Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials. - 2015
Aging
Fracture
Implants
Phase transformation
Surface
Zirconia
Dental Implants
Dental Prosthesis Design
Dental Restoration Failure
Dental Stress Analysis
Materials Testing
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Surface Properties
X-Ray Diffraction
Zirconium
English
OBJECTIVES
Based on the current lack of standards concerning zirconia dental implants, we aim at developing a protocol to validate their functionality and safety prior their clinical use. The protocol is designed to account for the specific brittle nature of ceramics and the specific behavior of zirconia in terms of phase transformation.
METHODS
Several types of zirconia dental implants with different surface textures (porous, alveolar, rough) were assessed. The implants were first characterized in their as-received state by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Focused Ion Beam (FIB), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Fracture tests following a method adapted from ISO 14801 were conducted to evaluate their initial mechanical properties. Accelerated aging was performed on the implants, and XRD monoclinic content measured directly at their surface instead of using polished samples as in ISO 13356. The implants were then characterized again after aging.
RESULTS
Implants with an alveolar surface presented large defects. The protocol shows that such defects compromise the long-term mechanical properties. Implants with a porous surface exhibited sufficient strength but a significant sensitivity to aging. Even if associated to micro cracking clearly observed by FIB, aging did not decrease mechanical strength of the implants.
SIGNIFICANCE
As each dental implant company has its own process, all zirconia implants may behave differently, even if the starting powder is the same. Especially, surface modifications have a large influence on strength and aging resistance, which is not taken into account by the current standards. Protocols adapted from this work could be useful.
Based on the current lack of standards concerning zirconia dental implants, we aim at developing a protocol to validate their functionality and safety prior their clinical use. The protocol is designed to account for the specific brittle nature of ceramics and the specific behavior of zirconia in terms of phase transformation.
METHODS
Several types of zirconia dental implants with different surface textures (porous, alveolar, rough) were assessed. The implants were first characterized in their as-received state by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Focused Ion Beam (FIB), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Fracture tests following a method adapted from ISO 14801 were conducted to evaluate their initial mechanical properties. Accelerated aging was performed on the implants, and XRD monoclinic content measured directly at their surface instead of using polished samples as in ISO 13356. The implants were then characterized again after aging.
RESULTS
Implants with an alveolar surface presented large defects. The protocol shows that such defects compromise the long-term mechanical properties. Implants with a porous surface exhibited sufficient strength but a significant sensitivity to aging. Even if associated to micro cracking clearly observed by FIB, aging did not decrease mechanical strength of the implants.
SIGNIFICANCE
As each dental implant company has its own process, all zirconia implants may behave differently, even if the starting powder is the same. Especially, surface modifications have a large influence on strength and aging resistance, which is not taken into account by the current standards. Protocols adapted from this work could be useful.
- Language
-
- English
- Open access status
- closed
- Identifiers
-
- DOI 10.1016/j.dental.2014.09.002
- PMID 25262212
- Persistent URL
- https://sonar.ch/global/documents/147644
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