Aetiology and treatment of nightmare disorder: State of the art and future perspectives.
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Gieselmann A
Department of Clinical Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Ait Aoudia M
Centre du Psychotrauma de l'Institut de Victimologie à Paris, Paris, France.
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Carr M
Department of Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.
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Germain A
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Gorzka R
Central Institute for Mental Health, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
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Holzinger B
Institut für Bewusstseins- und Traumforschung, Vienna, Austria.
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Kleim B
Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
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Krakow B
Maimonides Sleep Arts and Sciences, Ltd, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.
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Kunze AE
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
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Lancee J
Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Nadorff MR
Department of Psychology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA.
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Nielsen T
Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Riemann D
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.
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Sandahl H
Competence Centre for Transcultural Psychiatry, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Ballerup, Denmark.
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Schlarb AA
Department of Psychology and Sports, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
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Schmid C
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
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Schredl M
Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Spoormaker VI
Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.
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Steil R
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
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van Schagen AM
Foundation Centrum '45, Partner in Arq Psychotrauma Expert Group, Oegstgeest, the Netherlands.
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Wittmann L
International Psychoanalytic University Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Zschoche M
Department of Psychology and Sports, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
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Pietrowsky R
Department of Clinical Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Published in:
- Journal of sleep research. - 2019
English
This consensus paper provides an overview of the state of the art in research on the aetiology and treatment of nightmare disorder and outlines further perspectives on these issues. It presents a definition of nightmares and nightmare disorder followed by epidemiological findings, and then explains existing models of nightmare aetiology in traumatized and non-traumatized individuals. Chronic nightmares develop through the interaction of elevated hyperarousal and impaired fear extinction. This interplay is assumed to be facilitated by trait affect distress elicited by traumatic experiences, early childhood adversity and trait susceptibility, as well as by elevated thought suppression and potentially sleep-disordered breathing. Accordingly, different treatment options for nightmares focus on their meaning, on the chronic repetition of the nightmare or on maladaptive beliefs. Clinically, knowledge of healthcare providers about nightmare disorder and the delivery of evidence-based interventions in the healthcare system is discussed. Based on these findings, we highlight some future perspectives and potential further developments of nightmare treatments and research into nightmare aetiology.
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Language
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Open access status
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hybrid
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Identifiers
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Persistent URL
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https://sonar.ch/global/documents/153080
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