Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor Monotherapy Versus Combination Therapy for the Treatment of Psoriatic Arthritis: Combined Analysis of European Biologics Databases.

• Thomas ML The study was funded by a nonrestricted investigator-initiated award from Pfizer. M.L. Thomas, PhD, Department of Mathematical Science, University of Bath, Bath, UK; G. Shaddick, PhD, Department of Mathematics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; R. Charlton, PhD, N. McHugh, MBChB, MD, FRCP, FRCPath, A. Nightingale, PhD, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK; C. Cavill, BSc, R. Holland, MD, Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Bath, UK; F. Iannone, MD, PhD, G. Lapadula, MD, S. Lopriore, MD, Rheumatology Unit-DETO, University of Bari, Bari, Italy; J. Závada, MD, PhD, K. Pavelka, MD, PhD, Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic; M. Uher, MSc, L. Szczuková, MD, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; P. Sidiropoulos, MD, PhD, I. Flouri, MD, Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece; A. Drosos, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece; B. Möller, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Immunology & Allergology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; M.J. Nissen, MBBS, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; R.B. Müller, MD, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland; A. Scherer, PhD, SCQM Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland. N. McHugh and A. Nightingale are joint senior authors. NM, AN, RC, MT and CC report grants from Pfizer during the conduct of the study. NM reports personal fees from AbbVie and Lilly and grants from Lilly outside the submitted work. CC reports grants from Celgene, Lilly and Novartis and personal fees from Novartis outside of the submitted work. FI reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, Lilly, UCB and MSD outside the submitted work. GL reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, and MSD outside the submitted work. KP reports honoraria for consultations and speaker fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, UCB, Lilly, Novartis, and Roche outside the submitted work. PS reports that the Hellenic Registry for Biologic Therapies was supported in part by the Hellenic Rheumatology Society through unrestricted grants from Schering-Plough, AbbVie, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Roche during the conduct of the study. These companies had no role in study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data and in the writing of the manuscript. PS also reports grants and personal fees from the pharma industry through the University of Crete Special Account for Research, outside the submitted work. Address correspondence to Prof. N. McHugh, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK. Email: n.j.mchugh@bath.ac.uk. Accepted for publication March 18, 2020.
• Shaddick G The study was funded by a nonrestricted investigator-initiated award from Pfizer. M.L. Thomas, PhD, Department of Mathematical Science, University of Bath, Bath, UK; G. Shaddick, PhD, Department of Mathematics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; R. Charlton, PhD, N. McHugh, MBChB, MD, FRCP, FRCPath, A. Nightingale, PhD, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK; C. Cavill, BSc, R. Holland, MD, Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Bath, UK; F. Iannone, MD, PhD, G. Lapadula, MD, S. Lopriore, MD, Rheumatology Unit-DETO, University of Bari, Bari, Italy; J. Závada, MD, PhD, K. Pavelka, MD, PhD, Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic; M. Uher, MSc, L. Szczuková, MD, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; P. Sidiropoulos, MD, PhD, I. Flouri, MD, Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece; A. Drosos, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece; B. Möller, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Immunology & Allergology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; M.J. Nissen, MBBS, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; R.B. Müller, MD, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland; A. Scherer, PhD, SCQM Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland. N. McHugh and A. Nightingale are joint senior authors. NM, AN, RC, MT and CC report grants from Pfizer during the conduct of the study. NM reports personal fees from AbbVie and Lilly and grants from Lilly outside the submitted work. CC reports grants from Celgene, Lilly and Novartis and personal fees from Novartis outside of the submitted work. FI reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, Lilly, UCB and MSD outside the submitted work. GL reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, and MSD outside the submitted work. KP reports honoraria for consultations and speaker fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, UCB, Lilly, Novartis, and Roche outside the submitted work. PS reports that the Hellenic Registry for Biologic Therapies was supported in part by the Hellenic Rheumatology Society through unrestricted grants from Schering-Plough, AbbVie, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Roche during the conduct of the study. These companies had no role in study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data and in the writing of the manuscript. PS also reports grants and personal fees from the pharma industry through the University of Crete Special Account for Research, outside the submitted work. Address correspondence to Prof. N. McHugh, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK. Email: n.j.mchugh@bath.ac.uk. Accepted for publication March 18, 2020.
• Charlton R The study was funded by a nonrestricted investigator-initiated award from Pfizer. M.L. Thomas, PhD, Department of Mathematical Science, University of Bath, Bath, UK; G. Shaddick, PhD, Department of Mathematics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; R. Charlton, PhD, N. McHugh, MBChB, MD, FRCP, FRCPath, A. Nightingale, PhD, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK; C. Cavill, BSc, R. Holland, MD, Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Bath, UK; F. Iannone, MD, PhD, G. Lapadula, MD, S. Lopriore, MD, Rheumatology Unit-DETO, University of Bari, Bari, Italy; J. Závada, MD, PhD, K. Pavelka, MD, PhD, Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic; M. Uher, MSc, L. Szczuková, MD, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; P. Sidiropoulos, MD, PhD, I. Flouri, MD, Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece; A. Drosos, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece; B. Möller, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Immunology & Allergology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; M.J. Nissen, MBBS, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; R.B. Müller, MD, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland; A. Scherer, PhD, SCQM Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland. N. McHugh and A. Nightingale are joint senior authors. NM, AN, RC, MT and CC report grants from Pfizer during the conduct of the study. NM reports personal fees from AbbVie and Lilly and grants from Lilly outside the submitted work. CC reports grants from Celgene, Lilly and Novartis and personal fees from Novartis outside of the submitted work. FI reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, Lilly, UCB and MSD outside the submitted work. GL reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, and MSD outside the submitted work. KP reports honoraria for consultations and speaker fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, UCB, Lilly, Novartis, and Roche outside the submitted work. PS reports that the Hellenic Registry for Biologic Therapies was supported in part by the Hellenic Rheumatology Society through unrestricted grants from Schering-Plough, AbbVie, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Roche during the conduct of the study. These companies had no role in study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data and in the writing of the manuscript. PS also reports grants and personal fees from the pharma industry through the University of Crete Special Account for Research, outside the submitted work. Address correspondence to Prof. N. McHugh, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK. Email: n.j.mchugh@bath.ac.uk. Accepted for publication March 18, 2020.
• Cavill C The study was funded by a nonrestricted investigator-initiated award from Pfizer. M.L. Thomas, PhD, Department of Mathematical Science, University of Bath, Bath, UK; G. Shaddick, PhD, Department of Mathematics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; R. Charlton, PhD, N. McHugh, MBChB, MD, FRCP, FRCPath, A. Nightingale, PhD, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK; C. Cavill, BSc, R. Holland, MD, Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Bath, UK; F. Iannone, MD, PhD, G. Lapadula, MD, S. Lopriore, MD, Rheumatology Unit-DETO, University of Bari, Bari, Italy; J. Závada, MD, PhD, K. Pavelka, MD, PhD, Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic; M. Uher, MSc, L. Szczuková, MD, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; P. Sidiropoulos, MD, PhD, I. Flouri, MD, Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece; A. Drosos, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece; B. Möller, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Immunology & Allergology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; M.J. Nissen, MBBS, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; R.B. Müller, MD, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland; A. Scherer, PhD, SCQM Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland. N. McHugh and A. Nightingale are joint senior authors. NM, AN, RC, MT and CC report grants from Pfizer during the conduct of the study. NM reports personal fees from AbbVie and Lilly and grants from Lilly outside the submitted work. CC reports grants from Celgene, Lilly and Novartis and personal fees from Novartis outside of the submitted work. FI reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, Lilly, UCB and MSD outside the submitted work. GL reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, and MSD outside the submitted work. KP reports honoraria for consultations and speaker fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, UCB, Lilly, Novartis, and Roche outside the submitted work. PS reports that the Hellenic Registry for Biologic Therapies was supported in part by the Hellenic Rheumatology Society through unrestricted grants from Schering-Plough, AbbVie, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Roche during the conduct of the study. These companies had no role in study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data and in the writing of the manuscript. PS also reports grants and personal fees from the pharma industry through the University of Crete Special Account for Research, outside the submitted work. Address correspondence to Prof. N. McHugh, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK. Email: n.j.mchugh@bath.ac.uk. Accepted for publication March 18, 2020.
• Holland R The study was funded by a nonrestricted investigator-initiated award from Pfizer. M.L. Thomas, PhD, Department of Mathematical Science, University of Bath, Bath, UK; G. Shaddick, PhD, Department of Mathematics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; R. Charlton, PhD, N. McHugh, MBChB, MD, FRCP, FRCPath, A. Nightingale, PhD, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK; C. Cavill, BSc, R. Holland, MD, Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Bath, UK; F. Iannone, MD, PhD, G. Lapadula, MD, S. Lopriore, MD, Rheumatology Unit-DETO, University of Bari, Bari, Italy; J. Závada, MD, PhD, K. Pavelka, MD, PhD, Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic; M. Uher, MSc, L. Szczuková, MD, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; P. Sidiropoulos, MD, PhD, I. Flouri, MD, Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece; A. Drosos, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece; B. Möller, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Immunology & Allergology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; M.J. Nissen, MBBS, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; R.B. Müller, MD, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland; A. Scherer, PhD, SCQM Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland. N. McHugh and A. Nightingale are joint senior authors. NM, AN, RC, MT and CC report grants from Pfizer during the conduct of the study. NM reports personal fees from AbbVie and Lilly and grants from Lilly outside the submitted work. CC reports grants from Celgene, Lilly and Novartis and personal fees from Novartis outside of the submitted work. FI reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, Lilly, UCB and MSD outside the submitted work. GL reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, and MSD outside the submitted work. KP reports honoraria for consultations and speaker fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, UCB, Lilly, Novartis, and Roche outside the submitted work. PS reports that the Hellenic Registry for Biologic Therapies was supported in part by the Hellenic Rheumatology Society through unrestricted grants from Schering-Plough, AbbVie, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Roche during the conduct of the study. These companies had no role in study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data and in the writing of the manuscript. PS also reports grants and personal fees from the pharma industry through the University of Crete Special Account for Research, outside the submitted work. Address correspondence to Prof. N. McHugh, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK. Email: n.j.mchugh@bath.ac.uk. Accepted for publication March 18, 2020.
• Iannone F The study was funded by a nonrestricted investigator-initiated award from Pfizer. M.L. Thomas, PhD, Department of Mathematical Science, University of Bath, Bath, UK; G. Shaddick, PhD, Department of Mathematics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; R. Charlton, PhD, N. McHugh, MBChB, MD, FRCP, FRCPath, A. Nightingale, PhD, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK; C. Cavill, BSc, R. Holland, MD, Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Bath, UK; F. Iannone, MD, PhD, G. Lapadula, MD, S. Lopriore, MD, Rheumatology Unit-DETO, University of Bari, Bari, Italy; J. Závada, MD, PhD, K. Pavelka, MD, PhD, Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic; M. Uher, MSc, L. Szczuková, MD, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; P. Sidiropoulos, MD, PhD, I. Flouri, MD, Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece; A. Drosos, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece; B. Möller, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Immunology & Allergology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; M.J. Nissen, MBBS, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; R.B. Müller, MD, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland; A. Scherer, PhD, SCQM Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland. N. McHugh and A. Nightingale are joint senior authors. NM, AN, RC, MT and CC report grants from Pfizer during the conduct of the study. NM reports personal fees from AbbVie and Lilly and grants from Lilly outside the submitted work. CC reports grants from Celgene, Lilly and Novartis and personal fees from Novartis outside of the submitted work. FI reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, Lilly, UCB and MSD outside the submitted work. GL reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, and MSD outside the submitted work. KP reports honoraria for consultations and speaker fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, UCB, Lilly, Novartis, and Roche outside the submitted work. PS reports that the Hellenic Registry for Biologic Therapies was supported in part by the Hellenic Rheumatology Society through unrestricted grants from Schering-Plough, AbbVie, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Roche during the conduct of the study. These companies had no role in study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data and in the writing of the manuscript. PS also reports grants and personal fees from the pharma industry through the University of Crete Special Account for Research, outside the submitted work. Address correspondence to Prof. N. McHugh, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK. Email: n.j.mchugh@bath.ac.uk. Accepted for publication March 18, 2020.
• Lapadula G The study was funded by a nonrestricted investigator-initiated award from Pfizer. M.L. Thomas, PhD, Department of Mathematical Science, University of Bath, Bath, UK; G. Shaddick, PhD, Department of Mathematics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; R. Charlton, PhD, N. McHugh, MBChB, MD, FRCP, FRCPath, A. Nightingale, PhD, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK; C. Cavill, BSc, R. Holland, MD, Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Bath, UK; F. Iannone, MD, PhD, G. Lapadula, MD, S. Lopriore, MD, Rheumatology Unit-DETO, University of Bari, Bari, Italy; J. Závada, MD, PhD, K. Pavelka, MD, PhD, Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic; M. Uher, MSc, L. Szczuková, MD, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; P. Sidiropoulos, MD, PhD, I. Flouri, MD, Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece; A. Drosos, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece; B. Möller, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Immunology & Allergology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; M.J. Nissen, MBBS, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; R.B. Müller, MD, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland; A. Scherer, PhD, SCQM Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland. N. McHugh and A. Nightingale are joint senior authors. NM, AN, RC, MT and CC report grants from Pfizer during the conduct of the study. NM reports personal fees from AbbVie and Lilly and grants from Lilly outside the submitted work. CC reports grants from Celgene, Lilly and Novartis and personal fees from Novartis outside of the submitted work. FI reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, Lilly, UCB and MSD outside the submitted work. GL reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, and MSD outside the submitted work. KP reports honoraria for consultations and speaker fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, UCB, Lilly, Novartis, and Roche outside the submitted work. PS reports that the Hellenic Registry for Biologic Therapies was supported in part by the Hellenic Rheumatology Society through unrestricted grants from Schering-Plough, AbbVie, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Roche during the conduct of the study. These companies had no role in study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data and in the writing of the manuscript. PS also reports grants and personal fees from the pharma industry through the University of Crete Special Account for Research, outside the submitted work. Address correspondence to Prof. N. McHugh, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK. Email: n.j.mchugh@bath.ac.uk. Accepted for publication March 18, 2020.
• Lopriore S The study was funded by a nonrestricted investigator-initiated award from Pfizer. M.L. Thomas, PhD, Department of Mathematical Science, University of Bath, Bath, UK; G. Shaddick, PhD, Department of Mathematics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; R. Charlton, PhD, N. McHugh, MBChB, MD, FRCP, FRCPath, A. Nightingale, PhD, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK; C. Cavill, BSc, R. Holland, MD, Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Bath, UK; F. Iannone, MD, PhD, G. Lapadula, MD, S. Lopriore, MD, Rheumatology Unit-DETO, University of Bari, Bari, Italy; J. Závada, MD, PhD, K. Pavelka, MD, PhD, Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic; M. Uher, MSc, L. Szczuková, MD, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; P. Sidiropoulos, MD, PhD, I. Flouri, MD, Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece; A. Drosos, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece; B. Möller, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Immunology & Allergology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; M.J. Nissen, MBBS, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; R.B. Müller, MD, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland; A. Scherer, PhD, SCQM Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland. N. McHugh and A. Nightingale are joint senior authors. NM, AN, RC, MT and CC report grants from Pfizer during the conduct of the study. NM reports personal fees from AbbVie and Lilly and grants from Lilly outside the submitted work. CC reports grants from Celgene, Lilly and Novartis and personal fees from Novartis outside of the submitted work. FI reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, Lilly, UCB and MSD outside the submitted work. GL reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, and MSD outside the submitted work. KP reports honoraria for consultations and speaker fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, UCB, Lilly, Novartis, and Roche outside the submitted work. PS reports that the Hellenic Registry for Biologic Therapies was supported in part by the Hellenic Rheumatology Society through unrestricted grants from Schering-Plough, AbbVie, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Roche during the conduct of the study. These companies had no role in study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data and in the writing of the manuscript. PS also reports grants and personal fees from the pharma industry through the University of Crete Special Account for Research, outside the submitted work. Address correspondence to Prof. N. McHugh, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK. Email: n.j.mchugh@bath.ac.uk. Accepted for publication March 18, 2020.
• Závada J The study was funded by a nonrestricted investigator-initiated award from Pfizer. M.L. Thomas, PhD, Department of Mathematical Science, University of Bath, Bath, UK; G. Shaddick, PhD, Department of Mathematics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; R. Charlton, PhD, N. McHugh, MBChB, MD, FRCP, FRCPath, A. Nightingale, PhD, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK; C. Cavill, BSc, R. Holland, MD, Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Bath, UK; F. Iannone, MD, PhD, G. Lapadula, MD, S. Lopriore, MD, Rheumatology Unit-DETO, University of Bari, Bari, Italy; J. Závada, MD, PhD, K. Pavelka, MD, PhD, Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic; M. Uher, MSc, L. Szczuková, MD, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; P. Sidiropoulos, MD, PhD, I. Flouri, MD, Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece; A. Drosos, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece; B. Möller, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Immunology & Allergology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; M.J. Nissen, MBBS, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; R.B. Müller, MD, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland; A. Scherer, PhD, SCQM Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland. N. McHugh and A. Nightingale are joint senior authors. NM, AN, RC, MT and CC report grants from Pfizer during the conduct of the study. NM reports personal fees from AbbVie and Lilly and grants from Lilly outside the submitted work. CC reports grants from Celgene, Lilly and Novartis and personal fees from Novartis outside of the submitted work. FI reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, Lilly, UCB and MSD outside the submitted work. GL reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, and MSD outside the submitted work. KP reports honoraria for consultations and speaker fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, UCB, Lilly, Novartis, and Roche outside the submitted work. PS reports that the Hellenic Registry for Biologic Therapies was supported in part by the Hellenic Rheumatology Society through unrestricted grants from Schering-Plough, AbbVie, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Roche during the conduct of the study. These companies had no role in study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data and in the writing of the manuscript. PS also reports grants and personal fees from the pharma industry through the University of Crete Special Account for Research, outside the submitted work. Address correspondence to Prof. N. McHugh, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK. Email: n.j.mchugh@bath.ac.uk. Accepted for publication March 18, 2020.
• Uher M The study was funded by a nonrestricted investigator-initiated award from Pfizer. M.L. Thomas, PhD, Department of Mathematical Science, University of Bath, Bath, UK; G. Shaddick, PhD, Department of Mathematics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; R. Charlton, PhD, N. McHugh, MBChB, MD, FRCP, FRCPath, A. Nightingale, PhD, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK; C. Cavill, BSc, R. Holland, MD, Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Bath, UK; F. Iannone, MD, PhD, G. Lapadula, MD, S. Lopriore, MD, Rheumatology Unit-DETO, University of Bari, Bari, Italy; J. Závada, MD, PhD, K. Pavelka, MD, PhD, Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic; M. Uher, MSc, L. Szczuková, MD, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; P. Sidiropoulos, MD, PhD, I. Flouri, MD, Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece; A. Drosos, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece; B. Möller, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Immunology & Allergology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; M.J. Nissen, MBBS, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; R.B. Müller, MD, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland; A. Scherer, PhD, SCQM Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland. N. McHugh and A. Nightingale are joint senior authors. NM, AN, RC, MT and CC report grants from Pfizer during the conduct of the study. NM reports personal fees from AbbVie and Lilly and grants from Lilly outside the submitted work. CC reports grants from Celgene, Lilly and Novartis and personal fees from Novartis outside of the submitted work. FI reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, Lilly, UCB and MSD outside the submitted work. GL reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, and MSD outside the submitted work. KP reports honoraria for consultations and speaker fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, UCB, Lilly, Novartis, and Roche outside the submitted work. PS reports that the Hellenic Registry for Biologic Therapies was supported in part by the Hellenic Rheumatology Society through unrestricted grants from Schering-Plough, AbbVie, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Roche during the conduct of the study. These companies had no role in study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data and in the writing of the manuscript. PS also reports grants and personal fees from the pharma industry through the University of Crete Special Account for Research, outside the submitted work. Address correspondence to Prof. N. McHugh, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK. Email: n.j.mchugh@bath.ac.uk. Accepted for publication March 18, 2020.
• Pavelka K The study was funded by a nonrestricted investigator-initiated award from Pfizer. M.L. Thomas, PhD, Department of Mathematical Science, University of Bath, Bath, UK; G. Shaddick, PhD, Department of Mathematics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; R. Charlton, PhD, N. McHugh, MBChB, MD, FRCP, FRCPath, A. Nightingale, PhD, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK; C. Cavill, BSc, R. Holland, MD, Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Bath, UK; F. Iannone, MD, PhD, G. Lapadula, MD, S. Lopriore, MD, Rheumatology Unit-DETO, University of Bari, Bari, Italy; J. Závada, MD, PhD, K. Pavelka, MD, PhD, Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic; M. Uher, MSc, L. Szczuková, MD, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; P. Sidiropoulos, MD, PhD, I. Flouri, MD, Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece; A. Drosos, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece; B. Möller, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Immunology & Allergology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; M.J. Nissen, MBBS, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; R.B. Müller, MD, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland; A. Scherer, PhD, SCQM Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland. N. McHugh and A. Nightingale are joint senior authors. NM, AN, RC, MT and CC report grants from Pfizer during the conduct of the study. NM reports personal fees from AbbVie and Lilly and grants from Lilly outside the submitted work. CC reports grants from Celgene, Lilly and Novartis and personal fees from Novartis outside of the submitted work. FI reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, Lilly, UCB and MSD outside the submitted work. GL reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, and MSD outside the submitted work. KP reports honoraria for consultations and speaker fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, UCB, Lilly, Novartis, and Roche outside the submitted work. PS reports that the Hellenic Registry for Biologic Therapies was supported in part by the Hellenic Rheumatology Society through unrestricted grants from Schering-Plough, AbbVie, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Roche during the conduct of the study. These companies had no role in study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data and in the writing of the manuscript. PS also reports grants and personal fees from the pharma industry through the University of Crete Special Account for Research, outside the submitted work. Address correspondence to Prof. N. McHugh, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK. Email: n.j.mchugh@bath.ac.uk. Accepted for publication March 18, 2020.
• Szczuková L The study was funded by a nonrestricted investigator-initiated award from Pfizer. M.L. Thomas, PhD, Department of Mathematical Science, University of Bath, Bath, UK; G. Shaddick, PhD, Department of Mathematics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; R. Charlton, PhD, N. McHugh, MBChB, MD, FRCP, FRCPath, A. Nightingale, PhD, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK; C. Cavill, BSc, R. Holland, MD, Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Bath, UK; F. Iannone, MD, PhD, G. Lapadula, MD, S. Lopriore, MD, Rheumatology Unit-DETO, University of Bari, Bari, Italy; J. Závada, MD, PhD, K. Pavelka, MD, PhD, Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic; M. Uher, MSc, L. Szczuková, MD, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; P. Sidiropoulos, MD, PhD, I. Flouri, MD, Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece; A. Drosos, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece; B. Möller, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Immunology & Allergology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; M.J. Nissen, MBBS, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; R.B. Müller, MD, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland; A. Scherer, PhD, SCQM Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland. N. McHugh and A. Nightingale are joint senior authors. NM, AN, RC, MT and CC report grants from Pfizer during the conduct of the study. NM reports personal fees from AbbVie and Lilly and grants from Lilly outside the submitted work. CC reports grants from Celgene, Lilly and Novartis and personal fees from Novartis outside of the submitted work. FI reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, Lilly, UCB and MSD outside the submitted work. GL reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, and MSD outside the submitted work. KP reports honoraria for consultations and speaker fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, UCB, Lilly, Novartis, and Roche outside the submitted work. PS reports that the Hellenic Registry for Biologic Therapies was supported in part by the Hellenic Rheumatology Society through unrestricted grants from Schering-Plough, AbbVie, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Roche during the conduct of the study. These companies had no role in study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data and in the writing of the manuscript. PS also reports grants and personal fees from the pharma industry through the University of Crete Special Account for Research, outside the submitted work. Address correspondence to Prof. N. McHugh, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK. Email: n.j.mchugh@bath.ac.uk. Accepted for publication March 18, 2020.
• Sidiropoulos P The study was funded by a nonrestricted investigator-initiated award from Pfizer. M.L. Thomas, PhD, Department of Mathematical Science, University of Bath, Bath, UK; G. Shaddick, PhD, Department of Mathematics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; R. Charlton, PhD, N. McHugh, MBChB, MD, FRCP, FRCPath, A. Nightingale, PhD, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK; C. Cavill, BSc, R. Holland, MD, Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Bath, UK; F. Iannone, MD, PhD, G. Lapadula, MD, S. Lopriore, MD, Rheumatology Unit-DETO, University of Bari, Bari, Italy; J. Závada, MD, PhD, K. Pavelka, MD, PhD, Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic; M. Uher, MSc, L. Szczuková, MD, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; P. Sidiropoulos, MD, PhD, I. Flouri, MD, Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece; A. Drosos, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece; B. Möller, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Immunology & Allergology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; M.J. Nissen, MBBS, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; R.B. Müller, MD, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland; A. Scherer, PhD, SCQM Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland. N. McHugh and A. Nightingale are joint senior authors. NM, AN, RC, MT and CC report grants from Pfizer during the conduct of the study. NM reports personal fees from AbbVie and Lilly and grants from Lilly outside the submitted work. CC reports grants from Celgene, Lilly and Novartis and personal fees from Novartis outside of the submitted work. FI reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, Lilly, UCB and MSD outside the submitted work. GL reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, and MSD outside the submitted work. KP reports honoraria for consultations and speaker fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, UCB, Lilly, Novartis, and Roche outside the submitted work. PS reports that the Hellenic Registry for Biologic Therapies was supported in part by the Hellenic Rheumatology Society through unrestricted grants from Schering-Plough, AbbVie, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Roche during the conduct of the study. These companies had no role in study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data and in the writing of the manuscript. PS also reports grants and personal fees from the pharma industry through the University of Crete Special Account for Research, outside the submitted work. Address correspondence to Prof. N. McHugh, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK. Email: n.j.mchugh@bath.ac.uk. Accepted for publication March 18, 2020.
• Flouri I The study was funded by a nonrestricted investigator-initiated award from Pfizer. M.L. Thomas, PhD, Department of Mathematical Science, University of Bath, Bath, UK; G. Shaddick, PhD, Department of Mathematics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; R. Charlton, PhD, N. McHugh, MBChB, MD, FRCP, FRCPath, A. Nightingale, PhD, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK; C. Cavill, BSc, R. Holland, MD, Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Bath, UK; F. Iannone, MD, PhD, G. Lapadula, MD, S. Lopriore, MD, Rheumatology Unit-DETO, University of Bari, Bari, Italy; J. Závada, MD, PhD, K. Pavelka, MD, PhD, Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic; M. Uher, MSc, L. Szczuková, MD, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; P. Sidiropoulos, MD, PhD, I. Flouri, MD, Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece; A. Drosos, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece; B. Möller, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Immunology & Allergology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; M.J. Nissen, MBBS, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; R.B. Müller, MD, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland; A. Scherer, PhD, SCQM Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland. N. McHugh and A. Nightingale are joint senior authors. NM, AN, RC, MT and CC report grants from Pfizer during the conduct of the study. NM reports personal fees from AbbVie and Lilly and grants from Lilly outside the submitted work. CC reports grants from Celgene, Lilly and Novartis and personal fees from Novartis outside of the submitted work. FI reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, Lilly, UCB and MSD outside the submitted work. GL reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, and MSD outside the submitted work. KP reports honoraria for consultations and speaker fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, UCB, Lilly, Novartis, and Roche outside the submitted work. PS reports that the Hellenic Registry for Biologic Therapies was supported in part by the Hellenic Rheumatology Society through unrestricted grants from Schering-Plough, AbbVie, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Roche during the conduct of the study. These companies had no role in study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data and in the writing of the manuscript. PS also reports grants and personal fees from the pharma industry through the University of Crete Special Account for Research, outside the submitted work. Address correspondence to Prof. N. McHugh, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK. Email: n.j.mchugh@bath.ac.uk. Accepted for publication March 18, 2020.
• Drosos A The study was funded by a nonrestricted investigator-initiated award from Pfizer. M.L. Thomas, PhD, Department of Mathematical Science, University of Bath, Bath, UK; G. Shaddick, PhD, Department of Mathematics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; R. Charlton, PhD, N. McHugh, MBChB, MD, FRCP, FRCPath, A. Nightingale, PhD, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK; C. Cavill, BSc, R. Holland, MD, Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Bath, UK; F. Iannone, MD, PhD, G. Lapadula, MD, S. Lopriore, MD, Rheumatology Unit-DETO, University of Bari, Bari, Italy; J. Závada, MD, PhD, K. Pavelka, MD, PhD, Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic; M. Uher, MSc, L. Szczuková, MD, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; P. Sidiropoulos, MD, PhD, I. Flouri, MD, Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece; A. Drosos, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece; B. Möller, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Immunology & Allergology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; M.J. Nissen, MBBS, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; R.B. Müller, MD, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland; A. Scherer, PhD, SCQM Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland. N. McHugh and A. Nightingale are joint senior authors. NM, AN, RC, MT and CC report grants from Pfizer during the conduct of the study. NM reports personal fees from AbbVie and Lilly and grants from Lilly outside the submitted work. CC reports grants from Celgene, Lilly and Novartis and personal fees from Novartis outside of the submitted work. FI reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, Lilly, UCB and MSD outside the submitted work. GL reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, and MSD outside the submitted work. KP reports honoraria for consultations and speaker fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, UCB, Lilly, Novartis, and Roche outside the submitted work. PS reports that the Hellenic Registry for Biologic Therapies was supported in part by the Hellenic Rheumatology Society through unrestricted grants from Schering-Plough, AbbVie, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Roche during the conduct of the study. These companies had no role in study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data and in the writing of the manuscript. PS also reports grants and personal fees from the pharma industry through the University of Crete Special Account for Research, outside the submitted work. Address correspondence to Prof. N. McHugh, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK. Email: n.j.mchugh@bath.ac.uk. Accepted for publication March 18, 2020.
• Möller B The study was funded by a nonrestricted investigator-initiated award from Pfizer. M.L. Thomas, PhD, Department of Mathematical Science, University of Bath, Bath, UK; G. Shaddick, PhD, Department of Mathematics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; R. Charlton, PhD, N. McHugh, MBChB, MD, FRCP, FRCPath, A. Nightingale, PhD, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK; C. Cavill, BSc, R. Holland, MD, Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Bath, UK; F. Iannone, MD, PhD, G. Lapadula, MD, S. Lopriore, MD, Rheumatology Unit-DETO, University of Bari, Bari, Italy; J. Závada, MD, PhD, K. Pavelka, MD, PhD, Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic; M. Uher, MSc, L. Szczuková, MD, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; P. Sidiropoulos, MD, PhD, I. Flouri, MD, Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece; A. Drosos, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece; B. Möller, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Immunology & Allergology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; M.J. Nissen, MBBS, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; R.B. Müller, MD, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland; A. Scherer, PhD, SCQM Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland. N. McHugh and A. Nightingale are joint senior authors. NM, AN, RC, MT and CC report grants from Pfizer during the conduct of the study. NM reports personal fees from AbbVie and Lilly and grants from Lilly outside the submitted work. CC reports grants from Celgene, Lilly and Novartis and personal fees from Novartis outside of the submitted work. FI reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, Lilly, UCB and MSD outside the submitted work. GL reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, and MSD outside the submitted work. KP reports honoraria for consultations and speaker fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, UCB, Lilly, Novartis, and Roche outside the submitted work. PS reports that the Hellenic Registry for Biologic Therapies was supported in part by the Hellenic Rheumatology Society through unrestricted grants from Schering-Plough, AbbVie, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Roche during the conduct of the study. These companies had no role in study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data and in the writing of the manuscript. PS also reports grants and personal fees from the pharma industry through the University of Crete Special Account for Research, outside the submitted work. Address correspondence to Prof. N. McHugh, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK. Email: n.j.mchugh@bath.ac.uk. Accepted for publication March 18, 2020.
• Nissen MJ The study was funded by a nonrestricted investigator-initiated award from Pfizer. M.L. Thomas, PhD, Department of Mathematical Science, University of Bath, Bath, UK; G. Shaddick, PhD, Department of Mathematics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; R. Charlton, PhD, N. McHugh, MBChB, MD, FRCP, FRCPath, A. Nightingale, PhD, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK; C. Cavill, BSc, R. Holland, MD, Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Bath, UK; F. Iannone, MD, PhD, G. Lapadula, MD, S. Lopriore, MD, Rheumatology Unit-DETO, University of Bari, Bari, Italy; J. Závada, MD, PhD, K. Pavelka, MD, PhD, Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic; M. Uher, MSc, L. Szczuková, MD, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; P. Sidiropoulos, MD, PhD, I. Flouri, MD, Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece; A. Drosos, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece; B. Möller, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Immunology & Allergology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; M.J. Nissen, MBBS, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; R.B. Müller, MD, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland; A. Scherer, PhD, SCQM Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland. N. McHugh and A. Nightingale are joint senior authors. NM, AN, RC, MT and CC report grants from Pfizer during the conduct of the study. NM reports personal fees from AbbVie and Lilly and grants from Lilly outside the submitted work. CC reports grants from Celgene, Lilly and Novartis and personal fees from Novartis outside of the submitted work. FI reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, Lilly, UCB and MSD outside the submitted work. GL reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, and MSD outside the submitted work. KP reports honoraria for consultations and speaker fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, UCB, Lilly, Novartis, and Roche outside the submitted work. PS reports that the Hellenic Registry for Biologic Therapies was supported in part by the Hellenic Rheumatology Society through unrestricted grants from Schering-Plough, AbbVie, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Roche during the conduct of the study. These companies had no role in study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data and in the writing of the manuscript. PS also reports grants and personal fees from the pharma industry through the University of Crete Special Account for Research, outside the submitted work. Address correspondence to Prof. N. McHugh, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK. Email: n.j.mchugh@bath.ac.uk. Accepted for publication March 18, 2020.
• Müller RB The study was funded by a nonrestricted investigator-initiated award from Pfizer. M.L. Thomas, PhD, Department of Mathematical Science, University of Bath, Bath, UK; G. Shaddick, PhD, Department of Mathematics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; R. Charlton, PhD, N. McHugh, MBChB, MD, FRCP, FRCPath, A. Nightingale, PhD, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK; C. Cavill, BSc, R. Holland, MD, Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Bath, UK; F. Iannone, MD, PhD, G. Lapadula, MD, S. Lopriore, MD, Rheumatology Unit-DETO, University of Bari, Bari, Italy; J. Závada, MD, PhD, K. Pavelka, MD, PhD, Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic; M. Uher, MSc, L. Szczuková, MD, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; P. Sidiropoulos, MD, PhD, I. Flouri, MD, Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece; A. Drosos, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece; B. Möller, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Immunology & Allergology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; M.J. Nissen, MBBS, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; R.B. Müller, MD, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland; A. Scherer, PhD, SCQM Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland. N. McHugh and A. Nightingale are joint senior authors. NM, AN, RC, MT and CC report grants from Pfizer during the conduct of the study. NM reports personal fees from AbbVie and Lilly and grants from Lilly outside the submitted work. CC reports grants from Celgene, Lilly and Novartis and personal fees from Novartis outside of the submitted work. FI reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, Lilly, UCB and MSD outside the submitted work. GL reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, and MSD outside the submitted work. KP reports honoraria for consultations and speaker fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, UCB, Lilly, Novartis, and Roche outside the submitted work. PS reports that the Hellenic Registry for Biologic Therapies was supported in part by the Hellenic Rheumatology Society through unrestricted grants from Schering-Plough, AbbVie, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Roche during the conduct of the study. These companies had no role in study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data and in the writing of the manuscript. PS also reports grants and personal fees from the pharma industry through the University of Crete Special Account for Research, outside the submitted work. Address correspondence to Prof. N. McHugh, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK. Email: n.j.mchugh@bath.ac.uk. Accepted for publication March 18, 2020.
• Scherer A The study was funded by a nonrestricted investigator-initiated award from Pfizer. M.L. Thomas, PhD, Department of Mathematical Science, University of Bath, Bath, UK; G. Shaddick, PhD, Department of Mathematics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; R. Charlton, PhD, N. McHugh, MBChB, MD, FRCP, FRCPath, A. Nightingale, PhD, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK; C. Cavill, BSc, R. Holland, MD, Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Bath, UK; F. Iannone, MD, PhD, G. Lapadula, MD, S. Lopriore, MD, Rheumatology Unit-DETO, University of Bari, Bari, Italy; J. Závada, MD, PhD, K. Pavelka, MD, PhD, Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic; M. Uher, MSc, L. Szczuková, MD, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; P. Sidiropoulos, MD, PhD, I. Flouri, MD, Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece; A. Drosos, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece; B. Möller, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Immunology & Allergology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; M.J. Nissen, MBBS, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; R.B. Müller, MD, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland; A. Scherer, PhD, SCQM Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland. N. McHugh and A. Nightingale are joint senior authors. NM, AN, RC, MT and CC report grants from Pfizer during the conduct of the study. NM reports personal fees from AbbVie and Lilly and grants from Lilly outside the submitted work. CC reports grants from Celgene, Lilly and Novartis and personal fees from Novartis outside of the submitted work. FI reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, Lilly, UCB and MSD outside the submitted work. GL reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, and MSD outside the submitted work. KP reports honoraria for consultations and speaker fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, UCB, Lilly, Novartis, and Roche outside the submitted work. PS reports that the Hellenic Registry for Biologic Therapies was supported in part by the Hellenic Rheumatology Society through unrestricted grants from Schering-Plough, AbbVie, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Roche during the conduct of the study. These companies had no role in study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data and in the writing of the manuscript. PS also reports grants and personal fees from the pharma industry through the University of Crete Special Account for Research, outside the submitted work. Address correspondence to Prof. N. McHugh, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK. Email: n.j.mchugh@bath.ac.uk. Accepted for publication March 18, 2020.
• McHugh N The study was funded by a nonrestricted investigator-initiated award from Pfizer. M.L. Thomas, PhD, Department of Mathematical Science, University of Bath, Bath, UK; G. Shaddick, PhD, Department of Mathematics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; R. Charlton, PhD, N. McHugh, MBChB, MD, FRCP, FRCPath, A. Nightingale, PhD, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK; C. Cavill, BSc, R. Holland, MD, Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Bath, UK; F. Iannone, MD, PhD, G. Lapadula, MD, S. Lopriore, MD, Rheumatology Unit-DETO, University of Bari, Bari, Italy; J. Závada, MD, PhD, K. Pavelka, MD, PhD, Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic; M. Uher, MSc, L. Szczuková, MD, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; P. Sidiropoulos, MD, PhD, I. Flouri, MD, Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece; A. Drosos, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece; B. Möller, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Immunology & Allergology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; M.J. Nissen, MBBS, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; R.B. Müller, MD, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland; A. Scherer, PhD, SCQM Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland. N. McHugh and A. Nightingale are joint senior authors. NM, AN, RC, MT and CC report grants from Pfizer during the conduct of the study. NM reports personal fees from AbbVie and Lilly and grants from Lilly outside the submitted work. CC reports grants from Celgene, Lilly and Novartis and personal fees from Novartis outside of the submitted work. FI reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, Lilly, UCB and MSD outside the submitted work. GL reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, and MSD outside the submitted work. KP reports honoraria for consultations and speaker fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, UCB, Lilly, Novartis, and Roche outside the submitted work. PS reports that the Hellenic Registry for Biologic Therapies was supported in part by the Hellenic Rheumatology Society through unrestricted grants from Schering-Plough, AbbVie, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Roche during the conduct of the study. These companies had no role in study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data and in the writing of the manuscript. PS also reports grants and personal fees from the pharma industry through the University of Crete Special Account for Research, outside the submitted work. Address correspondence to Prof. N. McHugh, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK. Email: n.j.mchugh@bath.ac.uk. Accepted for publication March 18, 2020.
• Nightingale A The study was funded by a nonrestricted investigator-initiated award from Pfizer. M.L. Thomas, PhD, Department of Mathematical Science, University of Bath, Bath, UK; G. Shaddick, PhD, Department of Mathematics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; R. Charlton, PhD, N. McHugh, MBChB, MD, FRCP, FRCPath, A. Nightingale, PhD, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK; C. Cavill, BSc, R. Holland, MD, Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Bath, UK; F. Iannone, MD, PhD, G. Lapadula, MD, S. Lopriore, MD, Rheumatology Unit-DETO, University of Bari, Bari, Italy; J. Závada, MD, PhD, K. Pavelka, MD, PhD, Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic; M. Uher, MSc, L. Szczuková, MD, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; P. Sidiropoulos, MD, PhD, I. Flouri, MD, Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Department, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece; A. Drosos, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece; B. Möller, Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Immunology & Allergology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; M.J. Nissen, MBBS, FRACP, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; R.B. Müller, MD, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland; A. Scherer, PhD, SCQM Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland. N. McHugh and A. Nightingale are joint senior authors. NM, AN, RC, MT and CC report grants from Pfizer during the conduct of the study. NM reports personal fees from AbbVie and Lilly and grants from Lilly outside the submitted work. CC reports grants from Celgene, Lilly and Novartis and personal fees from Novartis outside of the submitted work. FI reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, Lilly, UCB and MSD outside the submitted work. GL reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, and MSD outside the submitted work. KP reports honoraria for consultations and speaker fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, UCB, Lilly, Novartis, and Roche outside the submitted work. PS reports that the Hellenic Registry for Biologic Therapies was supported in part by the Hellenic Rheumatology Society through unrestricted grants from Schering-Plough, AbbVie, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Roche during the conduct of the study. These companies had no role in study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data and in the writing of the manuscript. PS also reports grants and personal fees from the pharma industry through the University of Crete Special Account for Research, outside the submitted work. Address correspondence to Prof. N. McHugh, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK. Email: n.j.mchugh@bath.ac.uk. Accepted for publication March 18, 2020.

Immunology

Immunology and Allergy

Rheumatology