Journal article
Humanoid robots versus humans: How is emotional valence of facial expressions recognized by individuals with schizophrenia? An exploratory study.
- Raffard S Epsylon Laboratory Dynamic of Human Abilities & Health Behaviors, University of Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France; University Department of Adult Psychiatry, Hôpital de la Colombière, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.
- Bortolon C Epsylon Laboratory Dynamic of Human Abilities & Health Behaviors, University of Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France; University Department of Adult Psychiatry, Hôpital de la Colombière, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.
- Khoramshahi M Learning Algorithms and Systems Laboratory, School of Engineering, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Salesse RN EuroMov, Montpellier University, 700 Avenue du Pic Saint-Loup, 34090 Montpellier, France.
- Burca M Epsylon Laboratory Dynamic of Human Abilities & Health Behaviors, University of Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France.
- Marin L EuroMov, Montpellier University, 700 Avenue du Pic Saint-Loup, 34090 Montpellier, France.
- Bardy BG EuroMov, Montpellier University, 700 Avenue du Pic Saint-Loup, 34090 Montpellier, France; Institut Universitaire de France, France.
- Billard A Learning Algorithms and Systems Laboratory, School of Engineering, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Macioce V Clinical & Epidemiological Research Unit, CHU, Montpellier, France.
- Capdevielle D University Department of Adult Psychiatry, Hôpital de la Colombière, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France; INSERM U-1061, Montpellier, France.
- 2016-06-14
Published in:
- Schizophrenia research. - 2016
Facial emotion
Humanoid robot
Mind perception
Schizophrenia
iCub
Adult
Analysis of Variance
Facial Recognition
Female
Humans
Male
Neuropsychological Tests
Photic Stimulation
Reaction Time
Robotics
Schizophrenic Psychology
Social Perception
English
BACKGROUND
The use of humanoid robots to play a therapeutic role in helping individuals with social disorders such as autism is a newly emerging field, but remains unexplored in schizophrenia. As the ability for robots to convey emotion appear of fundamental importance for human-robot interactions, we aimed to evaluate how schizophrenia patients recognize positive and negative facial emotions displayed by a humanoid robot.
METHODS
We included 21 schizophrenia outpatients and 17 healthy participants. In a reaction time task, they were shown photographs of human faces and of a humanoid robot (iCub) expressing either positive or negative emotions, as well as a non-social stimulus. Patients' symptomatology, mind perception, reaction time and number of correct answers were evaluated.
RESULTS
Results indicated that patients and controls recognized better and faster the emotional valence of facial expressions expressed by humans than by the robot. Participants were faster when responding to positive compared to negative human faces and inversely were faster for negative compared to positive robot faces. Importantly, participants performed worse when they perceived iCub as being capable of experiencing things (experience subscale of the mind perception questionnaire). In schizophrenia patients, negative correlations emerged between negative symptoms and both robot's and human's negative face accuracy.
CONCLUSIONS
Individuals do not respond similarly to human facial emotion and to non-anthropomorphic emotional signals. Humanoid robots have the potential to convey emotions to patients with schizophrenia, but their appearance seems of major importance for human-robot interactions.
The use of humanoid robots to play a therapeutic role in helping individuals with social disorders such as autism is a newly emerging field, but remains unexplored in schizophrenia. As the ability for robots to convey emotion appear of fundamental importance for human-robot interactions, we aimed to evaluate how schizophrenia patients recognize positive and negative facial emotions displayed by a humanoid robot.
METHODS
We included 21 schizophrenia outpatients and 17 healthy participants. In a reaction time task, they were shown photographs of human faces and of a humanoid robot (iCub) expressing either positive or negative emotions, as well as a non-social stimulus. Patients' symptomatology, mind perception, reaction time and number of correct answers were evaluated.
RESULTS
Results indicated that patients and controls recognized better and faster the emotional valence of facial expressions expressed by humans than by the robot. Participants were faster when responding to positive compared to negative human faces and inversely were faster for negative compared to positive robot faces. Importantly, participants performed worse when they perceived iCub as being capable of experiencing things (experience subscale of the mind perception questionnaire). In schizophrenia patients, negative correlations emerged between negative symptoms and both robot's and human's negative face accuracy.
CONCLUSIONS
Individuals do not respond similarly to human facial emotion and to non-anthropomorphic emotional signals. Humanoid robots have the potential to convey emotions to patients with schizophrenia, but their appearance seems of major importance for human-robot interactions.
- Language
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- English
- Open access status
- hybrid
- Identifiers
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- DOI 10.1016/j.schres.2016.06.001
- PMID 27293136
- Persistent URL
- https://sonar.ch/global/documents/155915
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