Journal article

Artery occlusion independently predicts unfavorable outcome in cervical artery dissection.

  • Traenka C From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden. christopher.traenka@usb.ch.
  • Grond-Ginsbach C From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Goeggel Simonetti B From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Metso TM From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Debette S From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Pezzini A From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Kloss M From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Majersik JJ From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Southerland AM From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Leys D From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Baumgartner R From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Caso V From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Béjot Y From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • De Marchis GM From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Fischer U From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Polymeris A From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Sarikaya H From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Thijs V From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Worrall BB From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Bersano A From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Brandt T From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Gensicke H From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Bonati LH From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Touzeé E From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Martin JJ From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Chabriat H From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Tatlisumak T From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Arnold M From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Engelter ST From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Lyrer P From the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (C.T., G.M.D.M., A. Polymeris, H.G., L.H.B., S.T.E., P.L.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; Neurorehabilitation Unit (C.T., H.G., S.T.E.), University of Basel and University Center for Medicine of Aging and Rehabilitation, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology (C.G.-G., M.K.) and Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.G.-G.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.G.S., U.F., H.S., M.A.), University Hospital Bern; Ospedale San Giovanni (B.G.S.), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (T.M.M., T.T.), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Bordeaux University Hospital; Inserm U1219 (S.D.), Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (S.D.), France; Department of Neurology (S.D.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.Pezzini.), Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences (A.M.S., B.B.W.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville; Univ-Lille (D.L.), Inserm U1171, CHU Lille, France; Neuro Center (R.B.), Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine (V.C.), University of Perugia, Italy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne (Y.B.), EA7460, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cardio-Cerebro-Vascular Diseases, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Neurology (H.S.), University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland; Stroke Theme (V.T.), Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (V.T.), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (A.B.), Milan, Italy; Swiss National Accident Insurance Institution (T.B.), Lucerne, Switzerland; Normandie Université (E.T.), Université Caen Normandie, Inserm U1037, Department of Neurology, CHU Caen Normandie; Department of Neurology (E.T.), CH Sainte-Anne, University Paris Descartes, France; Department of Neurology (J.J.M.), Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology (T.T.), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
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  • 2019-11-24
Published in:
  • Neurology. - 2020
English OBJECTIVE
To assess the impact of dissected artery occlusion (DAO) on functional outcome and complications in patients with cervical artery dissection (CeAD).


METHODS
We analyzed combined individual patient data from 3 multicenter cohorts of consecutive patients with CeAD (the Cervical Artery Dissection and Ischemic Stroke Patients [CADISP]-Plus consortium dataset). Patients with data on DAO and functional outcome were included. We compared patients with DAO to those without DAO. Primary outcome was favorable functional outcome (i.e., modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score 0-1) measured 3-6 months from baseline. Secondary outcomes included delayed cerebral ischemia, major hemorrhage, recurrent CeAD, and death. We performed univariate and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses and calculated odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), with adjustment for potential confounders.


RESULTS
Of 2,148 patients (median age 45 years [interquartile range (IQR) 38-52], 43.6% women), 728 (33.9%) had DAO. Patients with DAO more frequently presented with cerebral ischemia (84.6% vs 58.5%, p < 0.001). Patients with DAO were less likely to have favorable outcome when compared to patients without DAO (mRS 0-1: 59.6% vs 80.1%, p unadjusted < 0.001). After adjustment for age, sex, and initial stroke severity, DAO was independently associated with less favorable outcome (mRS 0-1: OR 0.65, CI 0.50-0.84, p = 0.001). Delayed cerebral ischemia occurred more frequently in patients with DAO than in patients without DAO (4.5% vs 2.9%, p = 0.059).


CONCLUSION
DAO independently predicts less favorable functional outcome in patients with CeAD. Further research on vessel patency, collateral status and effects of revascularization therapies particularly in patients with DAO is warranted.
Language
  • English
Open access status
green
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Persistent URL
https://sonar.ch/global/documents/167176
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