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As old as the mountains: the radiations of the Ericaceae.

  • Schwery O Institute of Systematic Botany of the University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland.
  • Onstein RE Institute of Systematic Botany of the University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland.
  • Bouchenak-Khelladi Y Institute of Systematic Botany of the University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland.
  • Xing Y Institute of Systematic Botany of the University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland.
  • Carter RJ Institute of Systematic Botany of the University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland.
  • Linder HP Institute of Systematic Botany of the University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland.
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  • 2014-12-23
Published in:
  • The New phytologist. - 2015
Ericaceae
evolutionary radiation
extinction
mountain
plant functional traits
speciation
specific leaf area
Altitude
Biodiversity
Biological Evolution
Ecosystem
Ericaceae
Extinction, Biological
Genetic Speciation
Phenotype
Phylogeny
Plant Dispersal
Plant Leaves
English Mountains are often more species-rich than lowlands. This could be the result of migration from lowlands to mountains, of a greater survival rate in mountains, or of a higher diversification rate in mountains. We investigated this question in the globally distributed family Ericaceae, which includes c. 4426 species ranging from sea level to > 5000 m. We predict that the interaction of low specific leaf area (SLA) and montane habitats is correlated with increased diversification rates. A molecular phylogeny of Ericaceae based on rbcL and matK sequence data was built and dated with 18 fossil calibrations and divergence time estimates. We identified radiations using bamm and correlates of diversification rate changes using binary-state speciation and extinction (BiSSE) and multiple-state speciation and extinction (MuSSE) analyses. Analyses revealed six largely montane radiations. Lineages in mountains diversified faster than nonmountain lineages (higher speciation rate, but no difference in extinction rate), and lineages with low SLA diversified faster than high-SLA lineages. Further, habitat and trait had a positive interactive effect on diversification. Our results suggest that the species richness in mountains is the result of increased speciation rather than reduced extinction or increased immigration. Increased speciation in Ericaceae was facilitated by low SLA.
Language
  • English
Open access status
bronze
Identifiers
Persistent URL
https://sonar.ch/global/documents/167704
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