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Enteral Feeding Intolerance: Updates in Definitions and Pathophysiology.
Journal article

Enteral Feeding Intolerance: Updates in Definitions and Pathophysiology.

  • Reintam Blaser A Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Lucerne Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland.
  • Deane AM Department of Medicine and Radiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne Medical School, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
  • Preiser JC Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
  • Arabi YM College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS) and King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
  • Jakob SM Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital (Inselspital) Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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  • 2020-11-26
Published in:
  • Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. - 2020
definition
enteral feeding intolerance
enteral nutrition
gastrointestinal dysmotility
pathophysiology
English Enteral feeding intolerance (EFI) is a common feature in critically ill patients worldwide. However, there is no clear, widely agreed-upon definition available, with various studies rarely using the same definition. The term EFI is frequently used to describe vomiting or large gastric residual volumes associated with enteral feeding as a result of gastroparesis/delayed gastric emptying. However, the syndrome of EFI may represent the consequence of various pathophysiological mechanisms, and this heterogeneity may explain varying associations with outcomes. In clinical practice, a pragmatic definition may be useful. A pragmatic definition of EFI is that a clinician has decided to reduce the amount of enteral nutrition specifically because features of gastrointestinal dysfunction appeared during enteral feeding. For research purposes, a more detailed definition of EFI is required to improve knowledge and explore interventions that may improve patient-centered outcomes. The objective of this review is to summarize available evidence on existing definitions, pathophysiological mechanisms, and the clinical relevance of EFI in critically ill patients. Based on current knowledge, we propose a conceptual framework for a definition of EFI for a future consensus process.
Language
  • English
Open access status
closed
Identifiers
Persistent URL
https://sonar.ch/global/documents/186728
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