Allele-specific gene editing prevents deafness in a model of dominant progressive hearing loss.
- György B Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Nist-Lund C Departments of Otolaryngology & Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Pan B Departments of Otolaryngology & Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Asai Y Departments of Otolaryngology & Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Karavitaki KD Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Kleinstiver BP Molecular Pathology Unit, Center for Cancer Research, Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA.
- Garcia SP Molecular Pathology Unit, Center for Cancer Research, Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA.
- Zaborowski MP Department of Neurology, The Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Solanes P Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Spataro S Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Schneider BL Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Joung JK Molecular Pathology Unit, Center for Cancer Research, Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA.
- Géléoc GSG Departments of Otolaryngology & Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Holt JR Departments of Otolaryngology & Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. jeffrey.holt@childrens.harvard.edu.
- Corey DP Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- 2019-07-05
Published in:
- Nature medicine. - 2019
Alleles
Animals
CRISPR-Associated Protein 9
Cell Line
Cells, Cultured
Dependovirus
Disease Models, Animal
Gene Editing
Hearing Loss, Sensorineural
Humans
Membrane Proteins
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
English
Since most dominant human mutations are single nucleotide substitutions1,2, we explored gene editing strategies to disrupt dominant mutations efficiently and selectively without affecting wild-type alleles. However, single nucleotide discrimination can be difficult to achieve3 because commonly used endonucleases, such as Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 (SpCas9), can tolerate up to seven mismatches between guide RNA (gRNA) and target DNA. Furthermore, the protospacer-adjacent motif (PAM) in some Cas9 enzymes can tolerate mismatches with the target DNA3,4. To circumvent these limitations, we screened 14 Cas9/gRNA combinations for specific and efficient disruption of a nucleotide substitution that causes the dominant progressive hearing loss, DFNA36. As a model for DFNA36, we used Beethoven mice5, which harbor a point mutation in Tmc1, a gene required for hearing that encodes a pore-forming subunit of mechanosensory transduction channels in inner-ear hair cells6. We identified a PAM variant of Staphylococcus aureus Cas9 (SaCas9-KKH) that selectively and efficiently disrupted the mutant allele, but not the wild-type Tmc1/TMC1 allele, in Beethoven mice and in a DFNA36 human cell line. Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated SaCas9-KKH delivery prevented deafness in Beethoven mice up to one year post injection. Analysis of current ClinVar entries revealed that ~21% of dominant human mutations could be targeted using a similar approach.
- Language
-
- English
- Open access status
- green
- Identifiers
-
- DOI 10.1038/s41591-019-0500-9
- PMID 31270503
- Persistent URL
- https://sonar.ch/global/documents/209836
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