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Admixture in Latin America: geographic structure, phenotypic diversity and self-perception of ancestry based on 7,342 individuals.

  • Ruiz-Linares A Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, and UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
  • Adhikari K Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, and UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
  • Acuña-Alonzo V Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, and UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom; National Institute of Anthropology and History, México City, México.
  • Quinto-Sanchez M Centro Nacional Patagónico, CONICET, Puerto Madryn, Argentina.
  • Jaramillo C Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
  • Arias W Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
  • Fuentes M Instituto de Alta Investigación Universidad de Tarapacá, Programa de Genética Humana ICBM Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Chile and Centro de Investigaciones del Hombre en el Desierto, Arica, Chile.
  • Pizarro M Instituto de Alta Investigación Universidad de Tarapacá, Programa de Genética Humana ICBM Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Chile and Centro de Investigaciones del Hombre en el Desierto, Arica, Chile.
  • Everardo P National Institute of Anthropology and History, México City, México; Facultad de Medicina and Facultad de Química, UNAM, México City, México.
  • de Avila F National Institute of Anthropology and History, México City, México; Facultad de Medicina and Facultad de Química, UNAM, México City, México.
  • Gómez-Valdés J Facultad de Medicina and Facultad de Química, UNAM, México City, México.
  • León-Mimila P Facultad de Medicina and Facultad de Química, UNAM, México City, México.
  • Hunemeier T Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil.
  • Ramallo V Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil.
  • Silva de Cerqueira CC Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil.
  • Burley MW Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, and UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
  • Konca E Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, and UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
  • de Oliveira MZ Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil.
  • Veronez MR Remote Sensing and Digital Imaging Laboratory, Graduate Program on Geology, Vale do Rio dos Sinos University, São Leopoldo, Brazil.
  • Rubio-Codina M The Institute for Fiscal Studies, London, United Kingdom.
  • Attanasio O The Institute for Fiscal Studies, London, United Kingdom; Department of Economics, University College London, United Kingdom.
  • Gibbon S Department of Anthropology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
  • Ray N Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, Carouge, Switzerland.
  • Gallo C Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Perúana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
  • Poletti G Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Perúana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
  • Rosique J Departamento de Antropología. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas. Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
  • Schuler-Faccini L Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil.
  • Salzano FM Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil.
  • Bortolini MC Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil.
  • Canizales-Quinteros S Facultad de Medicina and Facultad de Química, UNAM, México City, México; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", México City, México.
  • Rothhammer F Instituto de Alta Investigación Universidad de Tarapacá, Programa de Genética Humana ICBM Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Chile and Centro de Investigaciones del Hombre en el Desierto, Arica, Chile.
  • Bedoya G Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
  • Balding D Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, and UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
  • Gonzalez-José R Centro Nacional Patagónico, CONICET, Puerto Madryn, Argentina.
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  • 2014-09-26
Published in:
  • PLoS genetics. - 2014
Biological Evolution
Ethnic Groups
Female
Genetic Variation
Genetics, Population
Geography
Humans
Latin America
Male
Phenotype
Quantitative Trait, Heritable
Self Concept
English The current genetic makeup of Latin America has been shaped by a history of extensive admixture between Africans, Europeans and Native Americans, a process taking place within the context of extensive geographic and social stratification. We estimated individual ancestry proportions in a sample of 7,342 subjects ascertained in five countries (Brazil, Chile, Colombia, México and Perú). These individuals were also characterized for a range of physical appearance traits and for self-perception of ancestry. The geographic distribution of admixture proportions in this sample reveals extensive population structure, illustrating the continuing impact of demographic history on the genetic diversity of Latin America. Significant ancestry effects were detected for most phenotypes studied. However, ancestry generally explains only a modest proportion of total phenotypic variation. Genetically estimated and self-perceived ancestry correlate significantly, but certain physical attributes have a strong impact on self-perception and bias self-perception of ancestry relative to genetically estimated ancestry.
Language
  • English
Open access status
gold
Identifiers
Persistent URL
https://sonar.ch/global/documents/21225
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