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H0LiCOW – XIII. A 2.4 per cent measurement of H0 from lensed quasars: 5.3σ tension between early- and late-Universe probes

  • Wong, Kenneth C National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan
  • Suyu, Sherry H Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics (ASIAA), 11F of ASMAB, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
  • Chen, Geoff C-F ORCID Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
  • Rusu, Cristian E ORCID Subaru Telescope, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 650 N Aohoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720, USA
  • Millon, Martin Institute of Physics, Laboratory of Astrophysics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Observatoire de Sauverny, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland
  • Sluse, Dominique STAR Institute, Quartier Agora – Allée du six Août, 19c B-4000 Liège, Belgium
  • Bonvin, Vivien Institute of Physics, Laboratory of Astrophysics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Observatoire de Sauverny, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland
  • Fassnacht, Christopher D Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
  • Taubenberger, Stefan Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
  • Auger, Matthew W Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK
  • Birrer, Simon Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
  • Chan, James H H ORCID Institute of Physics, Laboratory of Astrophysics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Observatoire de Sauverny, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland
  • Courbin, Frederic Institute of Physics, Laboratory of Astrophysics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Observatoire de Sauverny, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland
  • Hilbert, Stefan Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Universitäts-Sternwarte, Scheinerstr 1, D-81679 München, Germany
  • Tihhonova, Olga Institute of Physics, Laboratory of Astrophysics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Observatoire de Sauverny, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland
  • Treu, Tommaso Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
  • Agnello, Adriano ORCID DARK, Niels-Bohr Institute, Lyngbyvej 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
  • Ding, Xuheng Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
  • Jee, Inh Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
  • Komatsu, Eiichiro Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
  • Shajib, Anowar J ORCID Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
  • Sonnenfeld, Alessandro ORCID Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, NL-2333 CA Leiden, the Netherlands
  • Blandford, Roger D Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA 94035, USA
  • Koopmans, Léon V E Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, PO Box 800, NL-9700 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
  • Marshall, Philip J ORCID Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA 94035, USA
  • Meylan, Georges Institute of Physics, Laboratory of Astrophysics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Observatoire de Sauverny, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland
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  • 2019-9-16
Published in:
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2019, vol. 498, no. 1, p. 1420-1439
Space and Planetary Science
Astronomy and Astrophysics
English ABSTRACT
We present a measurement of the Hubble constant (H0) and other cosmological parameters from a joint analysis of six gravitationally lensed quasars with measured time delays. All lenses except the first are analysed blindly with respect to the cosmological parameters. In a flat Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) cosmology, we find $H_{0} = 73.3_{-1.8}^{+1.7}~\mathrm{km~s^{-1}~Mpc^{-1}}$, a $2.4{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ precision measurement, in agreement with local measurements of H0 from type Ia supernovae calibrated by the distance ladder, but in 3.1σ tension with Planck observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). This method is completely independent of both the supernovae and CMB analyses. A combination of time-delay cosmography and the distance ladder results is in 5.3σ tension with Planck CMB determinations of H0 in flat ΛCDM. We compute Bayes factors to verify that all lenses give statistically consistent results, showing that we are not underestimating our uncertainties and are able to control our systematics. We explore extensions to flat ΛCDM using constraints from time-delay cosmography alone, as well as combinations with other cosmological probes, including CMB observations from Planck, baryon acoustic oscillations, and type Ia supernovae. Time-delay cosmography improves the precision of the other probes, demonstrating the strong complementarity. Allowing for spatial curvature does not resolve the tension with Planck. Using the distance constraints from time-delay cosmography to anchor the type Ia supernova distance scale, we reduce the sensitivity of our H0 inference to cosmological model assumptions. For six different cosmological models, our combined inference on H0 ranges from ∼73 to 78 km s−1 Mpc−1, which is consistent with the local distance ladder constraints.
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  • English
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green
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https://sonar.ch/global/documents/214651
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