Intestinal dendritic cells.
- Schiavi E aSwiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, University of Zurich, Davos, Zurich, Switzerland bALL-MED Medical Research Institute cDepartment of Clinical Immunology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
- Smolinska S
- O'Mahony L
- 2015-02-05
Published in:
- Current opinion in gastroenterology. - 2015
Antigens
Dendritic Cells
Gastric Mucins
Goblet Cells
Humans
Immune Tolerance
Immunity, Mucosal
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Intestinal Mucosa
Phenotype
English
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The intestinal immune system is constantly exposed to foreign antigens, which for the most part should be tolerated, but the immune system retains the ability to react rapidly and effectively to eliminate pathogens. Dendritic cells are at the front line in maintaining intestinal integrity as they are widely distributed within the intestinal lamina propria, Peyer's patches and mesenteric lymph nodes.
RECENT FINDINGS
The identification of dendritic cell subsets and phenotypic markers within the healthy and diseased intestine has progressed significantly, including improved identification of dendritic cell subsets within the human intestine. Recently, the role for dietary factors and the microbiome in modulating the intestinal dendritic cell functions has begun to be better investigated, resulting in a number of new findings relating to retinoic acid metabolism, pattern recognition receptor triggering and G-protein-coupled receptor activation. In addition, the interactions between goblet cells and mucin with intestinal dendritic cells are being better defined.
SUMMARY
In this review, we discuss the recent findings relating to intestinal dendritic cells, in particular the importance of dendritic cells in sensing the intestinal microenvironment and the consequences for health and disease.
The intestinal immune system is constantly exposed to foreign antigens, which for the most part should be tolerated, but the immune system retains the ability to react rapidly and effectively to eliminate pathogens. Dendritic cells are at the front line in maintaining intestinal integrity as they are widely distributed within the intestinal lamina propria, Peyer's patches and mesenteric lymph nodes.
RECENT FINDINGS
The identification of dendritic cell subsets and phenotypic markers within the healthy and diseased intestine has progressed significantly, including improved identification of dendritic cell subsets within the human intestine. Recently, the role for dietary factors and the microbiome in modulating the intestinal dendritic cell functions has begun to be better investigated, resulting in a number of new findings relating to retinoic acid metabolism, pattern recognition receptor triggering and G-protein-coupled receptor activation. In addition, the interactions between goblet cells and mucin with intestinal dendritic cells are being better defined.
SUMMARY
In this review, we discuss the recent findings relating to intestinal dendritic cells, in particular the importance of dendritic cells in sensing the intestinal microenvironment and the consequences for health and disease.
- Language
-
- English
- Open access status
- green
- Identifiers
-
- DOI 10.1097/MOG.0000000000000155
- PMID 25651073
- Persistent URL
- https://sonar.ch/global/documents/228851
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