Journal article
Favorable effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in attentional control and conversion rate to psychosis in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.
- Armando M Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland. Electronic address: marco.armando@unige.ch.
- Ciampoli M Genetics of Cognition Laboratory, Neuroscience Area, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego, 30, 16163, Genova, Italy.
- Padula MC Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland; Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, 4058, Basel, Switzerland.
- Amminger P Orygen Youth Health Centre for Youth Mental Health, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
- De Crescenzo F Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Pediatric University Hospital-Department (DPUO), Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, Rome, Italy.
- Maeder J Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Schneider M Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Schaer M Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Managò F Genetics of Cognition Laboratory, Neuroscience Area, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego, 30, 16163, Genova, Italy.
- Eliez S Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Papaleo F Genetics of Cognition Laboratory, Neuroscience Area, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego, 30, 16163, Genova, Italy. Electronic address: francesco.papaleo@iit.it.
- 2020-02-15
Published in:
- Neuropharmacology. - 2020
English
Omega-3-polyunsaturated-fatty-acids were suggested against cognitive dysfunctions and conversion to psychosis. However, a recent multicenter trial found no effect in reducing conversion rates in individuals at risk of developing schizophrenia. Patients' genetic heterogeneity and the timing of treatment might influence omega-3 efficacy. Here, we addressed the impact of omega-3 early treatment in both mice and human subjects with a 22q11.2 genetic hemi-deletion (22q11DS), characterized by cognitive dysfunctions and high penetrance of schizophrenia. We first tested the behavioural and cognitive consequences of adolescent exposure to normal or omega-3-enriched diets in wild-type and 22q11DS (LgDel/+) mice. We then contrasted mouse data with those gathered from sixty-two patients with 22q11DS exposed to a normal diet or supplemented with omega-3 during pre-adolescence/adolescence. Adolescent omega-3 exposure had no effects in wild-type mice. However, this treatment ameliorated distractibility deficits revealed in LgDel/+ mice by the Five Choice Serial Reaction Time Task (5CSRTT). The omega-3 improvement in LgDel/+ mice was selective, as no other generalized cognitive and non-cognitive effects were evident. Similarly, omega-3-exposed 22q11DS patients showed long-lasting improvements on distractibility as revealed by the continuous performance test (CPT). Moreover, omega-3-exposed 22q11DS patients showed less risk of developing an Ultra High Risk status and lower conversion rate to psychosis. Our convergent mouse-human findings represent a first analysis on the effects of omega-3 early treatment in 22q11DS. The beneficial effects in attentional control and transition to psychosis could support the early use of omega-3 supplementation in the 22q11DS population.
- Language
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- English
- Open access status
- closed
- Identifiers
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- DOI 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.107995
- PMID 32057798
- Persistent URL
- https://sonar.ch/global/documents/242982
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