Journal article
Dissection of Cervical and Cerebral Arteries.
- Engelter ST Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. stefan.engelter@fps-basel.ch.
- Traenka C Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
- Lyrer P Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
- 2017-07-02
Published in:
- Current neurology and neuroscience reports. - 2017
Cervical artery dissection
Intracranial artery dissection
Ischemic stroke
Aneurysm, Dissecting
Humans
Intracranial Arterial Diseases
Vertebral Artery Dissection
English
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
We aimed to summarize recent findings in cervical (CeAD) and intracranial artery dissection (IAD) research.
RECENT FINDINGS
Considered a disease of the young- and middle-aged, an analysis on the largest CeAD-population to date (n = 2391) revealed that about 1 of 14 CeAD-patients was aged ≥60 years. Distinct genetic variants were associated with CeAD. However, in clinical practice, genetic investigations are not helpful due to the small effect size. Despite the paucity of data from randomized-controlled trials in CeAD-stroke patients, both intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular treatment should be considered as acute treatment in such patients. Future research is needed to clarify which patients benefit most from each treatment modality. Whether to use antiplatelets or anticoagulants in stroke prevention in CeAD-patients is still a matter of debate. One randomized-controlled feasibility trial has been published, and another trial designed to show non-inferiority of aspirin to vitamin-K-antagonists is underway and will be terminated in late 2018. Non-vitamin-K-oral anticoagulants should not be used in CeAD outside a properly designed trial, as experience with these drugs in CeAD-patients is limited. With many IAD patients developing intracranial hemorrhage, antithrombotic therapy should be used with caution. Knowledge about CeAD and IAD has advanced substantially. Nevertheless, further research is mandatory, in particular regarding pathophysiology, acute treatment, and stroke-preventive therapy, as well as long-term outcome and prognosis.
We aimed to summarize recent findings in cervical (CeAD) and intracranial artery dissection (IAD) research.
RECENT FINDINGS
Considered a disease of the young- and middle-aged, an analysis on the largest CeAD-population to date (n = 2391) revealed that about 1 of 14 CeAD-patients was aged ≥60 years. Distinct genetic variants were associated with CeAD. However, in clinical practice, genetic investigations are not helpful due to the small effect size. Despite the paucity of data from randomized-controlled trials in CeAD-stroke patients, both intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular treatment should be considered as acute treatment in such patients. Future research is needed to clarify which patients benefit most from each treatment modality. Whether to use antiplatelets or anticoagulants in stroke prevention in CeAD-patients is still a matter of debate. One randomized-controlled feasibility trial has been published, and another trial designed to show non-inferiority of aspirin to vitamin-K-antagonists is underway and will be terminated in late 2018. Non-vitamin-K-oral anticoagulants should not be used in CeAD outside a properly designed trial, as experience with these drugs in CeAD-patients is limited. With many IAD patients developing intracranial hemorrhage, antithrombotic therapy should be used with caution. Knowledge about CeAD and IAD has advanced substantially. Nevertheless, further research is mandatory, in particular regarding pathophysiology, acute treatment, and stroke-preventive therapy, as well as long-term outcome and prognosis.
- Language
-
- English
- Open access status
- closed
- Identifiers
-
- DOI 10.1007/s11910-017-0769-3
- PMID 28667505
- Persistent URL
- https://sonar.ch/global/documents/246899
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