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The changing role of ornamental horticulture in alien plant invasions.

  • van Kleunen M Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China.
  • Essl F Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030, Vienna, Austria.
  • Pergl J Institute of Botany, Department of Invasion Ecology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic.
  • Brundu G Department of Agriculture, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
  • Carboni M Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LECA, Laboratoire d'Écologie Alpine, F-38000, Grenoble, France.
  • Dullinger S Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030, Vienna, Austria.
  • Early R Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, U.K.
  • González-Moreno P CABI, Bakeham Lane, Egham, TW20 9TY, U.K.
  • Groom QJ Botanical Garden Meise, Bouchout Domain, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860, Meise, Belgium.
  • Hulme PE Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, 7648, Canterbury, New Zealand.
  • Kueffer C Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.
  • Kühn I Department of Community Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Theodor-Lieser-Street 4, 06120, Halle, Germany.
  • Máguas C Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal.
  • Maurel N Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, D-78457, Konstanz, Germany.
  • Novoa A Institute of Botany, Department of Invasion Ecology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic.
  • Parepa M Institute of Evolution & Ecology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 5, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
  • Pyšek P Institute of Botany, Department of Invasion Ecology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic.
  • Seebens H Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Georg-Voigt-Straße 14-16, 60325, Frankfurt, Germany.
  • Tanner R European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization, 21 boulevard Richard Lenoir, 75011, Paris, France.
  • Touza J Environment Department, University of York, Wentworth Way, Heslington, YO10 5NG, York, U.K.
  • Verbrugge L Institute for Science in Society, Radboud University, PO Box 9010, 6500 GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
  • Weber E Biodiversity Research, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 1, Potsdam, D-14469, Germany.
  • Dawson W Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, U.K.
  • Kreft H Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
  • Weigelt P Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
  • Winter M German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
  • Klonner G Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030, Vienna, Austria.
  • Talluto MV Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LECA, Laboratoire d'Écologie Alpine, F-38000, Grenoble, France.
  • Dehnen-Schmutz K Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience, Coventry University, Ryton Gardens, Coventry, CV8 3LG, U.K.
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  • 2018-03-06
Published in:
  • Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society. - 2018
botanical gardens
climate change
horticulture
naturalised plants
ornamental plants
pathways
plant invasions
plant nurseries
trade
weeds
Commerce
Gardening
Introduced Species
North America
Plant Dispersal
Plants
English The number of alien plants escaping from cultivation into native ecosystems is increasing steadily. We provide an overview of the historical, contemporary and potential future roles of ornamental horticulture in plant invasions. We show that currently at least 75% and 93% of the global naturalised alien flora is grown in domestic and botanical gardens, respectively. Species grown in gardens also have a larger naturalised range than those that are not. After the Middle Ages, particularly in the 18th and 19th centuries, a global trade network in plants emerged. Since then, cultivated alien species also started to appear in the wild more frequently than non-cultivated aliens globally, particularly during the 19th century. Horticulture still plays a prominent role in current plant introduction, and the monetary value of live-plant imports in different parts of the world is steadily increasing. Historically, botanical gardens - an important component of horticulture - played a major role in displaying, cultivating and distributing new plant discoveries. While the role of botanical gardens in the horticultural supply chain has declined, they are still a significant link, with one-third of institutions involved in retail-plant sales and horticultural research. However, botanical gardens have also become more dependent on commercial nurseries as plant sources, particularly in North America. Plants selected for ornamental purposes are not a random selection of the global flora, and some of the plant characteristics promoted through horticulture, such as fast growth, also promote invasion. Efforts to breed non-invasive plant cultivars are still rare. Socio-economical, technological, and environmental changes will lead to novel patterns of plant introductions and invasion opportunities for the species that are already cultivated. We describe the role that horticulture could play in mediating these changes. We identify current research challenges, and call for more research efforts on the past and current role of horticulture in plant invasions. This is required to develop science-based regulatory frameworks to prevent further plant invasions.
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  • English
Open access status
green
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https://sonar.ch/global/documents/254245
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