Journal article

Prevalence of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele in amyloid β positive subjects across the spectrum of Alzheimer's disease.

  • Mattsson N Clinical Memory Research Unit, Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. Electronic address: niklas.mattsson@med.lu.se.
  • Groot C Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
  • Jansen WJ Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
  • Landau SM Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
  • Villemagne VL Department of Nuclear Medicine and Centre for PET, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia.
  • Engelborghs S Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
  • Mintun MM Avid Radiopharmaceuticals, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
  • Lleo A Neurology Department, Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Molinuevo JL Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, IDIBAPS, Clinic University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Jagust WJ Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
  • Frisoni GB Memory Clinic and LANVIE- Laboratory of Neuroimaging of Aging, University Hospitals, and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Laboratory of Alzheimer's Neuroimaging and Epidemiology, IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
  • Ivanoiu A Memory Clinic and Neurochemistry Laboratory, Saint Luc University Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
  • Chételat G Inserm, Inserm UMR-S U1237, Université de Caen-Normandie, GIP Cyceron, Caen, France.
  • Resende de Oliveira C Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
  • Rodrigue KM Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA.
  • Kornhuber J Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen- Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
  • Wallin A Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.
  • Klimkowicz-Mrowiec A Jagiellonian University College of Medicine, Krakow, Poland.
  • Kandimalla R Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
  • Popp J Department of Psychiatry, Service of Old Age Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
  • Aalten PP Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
  • Aarsland D Center for Age-Related Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.
  • Alcolea D Neurology Department, Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Almdahl IS Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.
  • Baldeiras I Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
  • van Buchem MA Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
  • Cavedo E Laboratory of Alzheimer's Neuroimaging and Epidemiology, IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Paris 06, Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière (ICM), Département de Neurologie, Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
  • Chen K Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
  • Cohen AD University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
  • Förster S Department of Nuclear Medicine, Technische Universitaet München, Munich, Germany.
  • Fortea J Neurology Department, Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Frederiksen KS Danish Dementia Research Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  • Freund-Levi Y Department of Geriatrics, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Section of Clinical Geriatrics, Institution of NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Gill KD Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
  • Gkatzima O Third Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
  • Grimmer T Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universitaet München, Munich, Germany.
  • Hampel H AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Paris 06, Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière (ICM), Département de Neurologie, Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry, Alzheimer Memorial Center and Geriatric Psychiatry Branch, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany.
  • Herukka SK Department of Neurology, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
  • Johannsen P Memory Clinic, Danish Dementia Research Center, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  • van Laere K Department of Imaging and Pathology, Catholic University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
  • de Leon MJ School of Medicine, Center for Brain Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
  • Maier W Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.
  • Marcusson J Geriatric Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden.
  • Meulenbroek O Department of Geriatric Medicine, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
  • Møllergård HM Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.
  • Morris JC Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
  • Mroczko B Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Leading National Research Centre in Białystok (KNOW), Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland.
  • Nordlund A Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.
  • Prabhakar S Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
  • Peters O Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Berlin, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany.
  • Rami L Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, IDIBAPS, Clinic University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Rodríguez-Rodríguez E Neurology Service, Universitary Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, CIBERNED, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.
  • Roe CM Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
  • Rüther E Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany.
  • Santana I Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
  • Schröder J Sektion Gerontopsychiatrie, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
  • Seo SW Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
  • Soininen H Department of Neurology, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
  • Spiru L Department of Geriatrics-Gerontology-Gerontopsychiatry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
  • Stomrud E Clinical Memory Research Unit, Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
  • Struyfs H Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
  • Teunissen CE Neurochemistry Laboratory and Biobank, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
  • Verhey FRJ Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
  • Vos SJB Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
  • van Waalwijk van Doorn LJC Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
  • Waldemar G Danish Dementia Research Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  • Wallin ÅK Clinical Memory Research Unit, Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
  • Wiltfang J Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany.
  • Vandenberghe R Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer Research Centre KU Leuven, Catholic University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
  • Brooks DJ Division of Neuroscience, Medical Research Council Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK.
  • Fladby T Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.
  • Rowe CC Department of Nuclear Medicine and Centre for PET, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia.
  • Drzezga A Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
  • Verbeek MM Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
  • Sarazin M Neurologie de la Mémoire et du Langage, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
  • Wolk DA Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
  • Fleisher AS Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Eli Lilly, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
  • Klunk WE University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
  • Na DL Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
  • Sánchez-Juan P Neurology Service, Universitary Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, CIBERNED, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.
  • Lee DY Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
  • Nordberg A Department NVS, Center for Alzheimer Research, Translational Alzheimer Neurobiology, Karolinska Institutet and Geriatric Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Tsolaki M Third Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
  • Camus V CHRU de Tours, CIC INSERM 1415, INSERM U930, Université François Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France.
  • Rinne JO Turku PET Centre and Division of Clinical Neurosciences Turku, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
  • Fagan AM Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
  • Zetterberg H Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute, London, UK; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Sweden and Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.
  • Blennow K Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Sweden and Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.
  • Rabinovici GD Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Hansson O Clinical Memory Research Unit, Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
  • van Berckel BNM Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
  • van der Flier WM Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
  • Scheltens P Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
  • Visser PJ Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
  • Ossenkoppele R Clinical Memory Research Unit, Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: r.ossenkoppele@vumc.nl.
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  • 2018-03-31
Published in:
  • Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association. - 2018
English INTRODUCTION
Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 is the major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but its prevalence is unclear because earlier studies did not require biomarker evidence of amyloid β (Aβ) pathology.


METHODS
We included 3451 Aβ+ subjects (853 AD-type dementia, 1810 mild cognitive impairment, and 788 cognitively normal). Generalized estimating equation models were used to assess APOE ε4 prevalence in relation to age, sex, education, and geographical location.


RESULTS
The APOE ε4 prevalence was 66% in AD-type dementia, 64% in mild cognitive impairment, and 51% in cognitively normal, and it decreased with advancing age in Aβ+ cognitively normal and Aβ+ mild cognitive impairment (P < .05) but not in Aβ+ AD dementia (P = .66). The prevalence was highest in Northern Europe but did not vary by sex or education.


DISCUSSION
The APOE ε4 prevalence in AD was higher than that in previous studies, which did not require presence of Aβ pathology. Furthermore, our results highlight disease heterogeneity related to age and geographical location.
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  • English
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https://sonar.ch/global/documents/261158
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