Glutamate pathways of the beta-cell and the control of insulin secretion.
- Maechler P Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism & Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland. Electronic address: pierre.maechler@unige.ch.
- 2017-07-26
Published in:
- Diabetes research and clinical practice. - 2017
Glucose
Glutamate
Insulin
Pancreatic beta-cell
Animals
Glucose
Glutamic Acid
Insulin
Insulin Secretion
Insulin-Secreting Cells
English
Pancreatic beta-cells secrete insulin in response to circulating glucose, thereby maintaining euglycemia. Inside the beta-cell, glucose is transformed into intracellular signals stimulating exocytosis. While calcium is an obligatory messenger, this ion is not sufficient to promote the full secretory response. Accordingly, glucose metabolism produces the additive factor glutamate that participates to an amplifying pathway of the calcium signal. Although intracellular glutamate potentiates insulin secretion, extracellular glutamate may activate ionotropic receptors. As a consequence of such activation, insulin exocytosis is slowed down. Therefore, for the beta-cell glutamate is a double-edged sword, an amplifying pathway and a negative feedback, illustrating the principle of homeostasis.
- Language
-
- English
- Open access status
- green
- Identifiers
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- DOI 10.1016/j.diabres.2017.07.009
- PMID 28743063
- Persistent URL
- https://sonar.ch/global/documents/271762
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