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Upregulation of K(2P)3.1 K+ Current Causes Action Potential Shortening in Patients With Chronic Atrial Fibrillation.

  • Schmidt C From Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (C.S., F.W., V.A., P.L., P.A.S., H.A.K., D.T.); Division of Experimental Cardiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (N.V., X.-B.Z., J.H., S.L., M.B., D.D.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., J.H., D.D.); First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Germany (X.-B.Z., S.L., M.B.); Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology and BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Germany (S.K.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (A.R., G.S., K.K., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Division of Cardiology, Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Wiesbaden, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary (I.B.); and Department of Cardiology, University of Basel Children's Hospital, Switzerland (B.C.D.).
  • Wiedmann F From Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (C.S., F.W., V.A., P.L., P.A.S., H.A.K., D.T.); Division of Experimental Cardiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (N.V., X.-B.Z., J.H., S.L., M.B., D.D.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., J.H., D.D.); First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Germany (X.-B.Z., S.L., M.B.); Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology and BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Germany (S.K.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (A.R., G.S., K.K., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Division of Cardiology, Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Wiesbaden, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary (I.B.); and Department of Cardiology, University of Basel Children's Hospital, Switzerland (B.C.D.).
  • Voigt N From Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (C.S., F.W., V.A., P.L., P.A.S., H.A.K., D.T.); Division of Experimental Cardiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (N.V., X.-B.Z., J.H., S.L., M.B., D.D.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., J.H., D.D.); First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Germany (X.-B.Z., S.L., M.B.); Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology and BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Germany (S.K.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (A.R., G.S., K.K., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Division of Cardiology, Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Wiesbaden, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary (I.B.); and Department of Cardiology, University of Basel Children's Hospital, Switzerland (B.C.D.).
  • Zhou XB From Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (C.S., F.W., V.A., P.L., P.A.S., H.A.K., D.T.); Division of Experimental Cardiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (N.V., X.-B.Z., J.H., S.L., M.B., D.D.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., J.H., D.D.); First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Germany (X.-B.Z., S.L., M.B.); Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology and BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Germany (S.K.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (A.R., G.S., K.K., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Division of Cardiology, Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Wiesbaden, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary (I.B.); and Department of Cardiology, University of Basel Children's Hospital, Switzerland (B.C.D.).
  • Heijman J From Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (C.S., F.W., V.A., P.L., P.A.S., H.A.K., D.T.); Division of Experimental Cardiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (N.V., X.-B.Z., J.H., S.L., M.B., D.D.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., J.H., D.D.); First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Germany (X.-B.Z., S.L., M.B.); Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology and BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Germany (S.K.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (A.R., G.S., K.K., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Division of Cardiology, Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Wiesbaden, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary (I.B.); and Department of Cardiology, University of Basel Children's Hospital, Switzerland (B.C.D.).
  • Lang S From Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (C.S., F.W., V.A., P.L., P.A.S., H.A.K., D.T.); Division of Experimental Cardiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (N.V., X.-B.Z., J.H., S.L., M.B., D.D.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., J.H., D.D.); First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Germany (X.-B.Z., S.L., M.B.); Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology and BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Germany (S.K.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (A.R., G.S., K.K., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Division of Cardiology, Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Wiesbaden, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary (I.B.); and Department of Cardiology, University of Basel Children's Hospital, Switzerland (B.C.D.).
  • Albert V From Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (C.S., F.W., V.A., P.L., P.A.S., H.A.K., D.T.); Division of Experimental Cardiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (N.V., X.-B.Z., J.H., S.L., M.B., D.D.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., J.H., D.D.); First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Germany (X.-B.Z., S.L., M.B.); Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology and BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Germany (S.K.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (A.R., G.S., K.K., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Division of Cardiology, Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Wiesbaden, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary (I.B.); and Department of Cardiology, University of Basel Children's Hospital, Switzerland (B.C.D.).
  • Kallenberger S From Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (C.S., F.W., V.A., P.L., P.A.S., H.A.K., D.T.); Division of Experimental Cardiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (N.V., X.-B.Z., J.H., S.L., M.B., D.D.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., J.H., D.D.); First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Germany (X.-B.Z., S.L., M.B.); Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology and BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Germany (S.K.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (A.R., G.S., K.K., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Division of Cardiology, Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Wiesbaden, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary (I.B.); and Department of Cardiology, University of Basel Children's Hospital, Switzerland (B.C.D.).
  • Ruhparwar A From Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (C.S., F.W., V.A., P.L., P.A.S., H.A.K., D.T.); Division of Experimental Cardiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (N.V., X.-B.Z., J.H., S.L., M.B., D.D.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., J.H., D.D.); First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Germany (X.-B.Z., S.L., M.B.); Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology and BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Germany (S.K.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (A.R., G.S., K.K., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Division of Cardiology, Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Wiesbaden, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary (I.B.); and Department of Cardiology, University of Basel Children's Hospital, Switzerland (B.C.D.).
  • Szabó G From Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (C.S., F.W., V.A., P.L., P.A.S., H.A.K., D.T.); Division of Experimental Cardiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (N.V., X.-B.Z., J.H., S.L., M.B., D.D.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., J.H., D.D.); First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Germany (X.-B.Z., S.L., M.B.); Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology and BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Germany (S.K.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (A.R., G.S., K.K., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Division of Cardiology, Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Wiesbaden, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary (I.B.); and Department of Cardiology, University of Basel Children's Hospital, Switzerland (B.C.D.).
  • Kallenbach K From Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (C.S., F.W., V.A., P.L., P.A.S., H.A.K., D.T.); Division of Experimental Cardiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (N.V., X.-B.Z., J.H., S.L., M.B., D.D.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., J.H., D.D.); First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Germany (X.-B.Z., S.L., M.B.); Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology and BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Germany (S.K.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (A.R., G.S., K.K., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Division of Cardiology, Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Wiesbaden, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary (I.B.); and Department of Cardiology, University of Basel Children's Hospital, Switzerland (B.C.D.).
  • Karck M From Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (C.S., F.W., V.A., P.L., P.A.S., H.A.K., D.T.); Division of Experimental Cardiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (N.V., X.-B.Z., J.H., S.L., M.B., D.D.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., J.H., D.D.); First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Germany (X.-B.Z., S.L., M.B.); Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology and BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Germany (S.K.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (A.R., G.S., K.K., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Division of Cardiology, Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Wiesbaden, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary (I.B.); and Department of Cardiology, University of Basel Children's Hospital, Switzerland (B.C.D.).
  • Borggrefe M From Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (C.S., F.W., V.A., P.L., P.A.S., H.A.K., D.T.); Division of Experimental Cardiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (N.V., X.-B.Z., J.H., S.L., M.B., D.D.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., J.H., D.D.); First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Germany (X.-B.Z., S.L., M.B.); Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology and BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Germany (S.K.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (A.R., G.S., K.K., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Division of Cardiology, Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Wiesbaden, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary (I.B.); and Department of Cardiology, University of Basel Children's Hospital, Switzerland (B.C.D.).
  • Biliczki P From Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (C.S., F.W., V.A., P.L., P.A.S., H.A.K., D.T.); Division of Experimental Cardiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (N.V., X.-B.Z., J.H., S.L., M.B., D.D.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., J.H., D.D.); First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Germany (X.-B.Z., S.L., M.B.); Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology and BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Germany (S.K.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (A.R., G.S., K.K., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Division of Cardiology, Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Wiesbaden, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary (I.B.); and Department of Cardiology, University of Basel Children's Hospital, Switzerland (B.C.D.).
  • Ehrlich JR From Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (C.S., F.W., V.A., P.L., P.A.S., H.A.K., D.T.); Division of Experimental Cardiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (N.V., X.-B.Z., J.H., S.L., M.B., D.D.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., J.H., D.D.); First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Germany (X.-B.Z., S.L., M.B.); Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology and BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Germany (S.K.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (A.R., G.S., K.K., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Division of Cardiology, Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Wiesbaden, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary (I.B.); and Department of Cardiology, University of Basel Children's Hospital, Switzerland (B.C.D.).
  • Baczkó I From Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (C.S., F.W., V.A., P.L., P.A.S., H.A.K., D.T.); Division of Experimental Cardiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (N.V., X.-B.Z., J.H., S.L., M.B., D.D.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., J.H., D.D.); First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Germany (X.-B.Z., S.L., M.B.); Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology and BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Germany (S.K.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (A.R., G.S., K.K., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Division of Cardiology, Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Wiesbaden, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary (I.B.); and Department of Cardiology, University of Basel Children's Hospital, Switzerland (B.C.D.).
  • Lugenbiel P From Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (C.S., F.W., V.A., P.L., P.A.S., H.A.K., D.T.); Division of Experimental Cardiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (N.V., X.-B.Z., J.H., S.L., M.B., D.D.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., J.H., D.D.); First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Germany (X.-B.Z., S.L., M.B.); Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology and BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Germany (S.K.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (A.R., G.S., K.K., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Division of Cardiology, Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Wiesbaden, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary (I.B.); and Department of Cardiology, University of Basel Children's Hospital, Switzerland (B.C.D.).
  • Schweizer PA From Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (C.S., F.W., V.A., P.L., P.A.S., H.A.K., D.T.); Division of Experimental Cardiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (N.V., X.-B.Z., J.H., S.L., M.B., D.D.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., J.H., D.D.); First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Germany (X.-B.Z., S.L., M.B.); Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology and BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Germany (S.K.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (A.R., G.S., K.K., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Division of Cardiology, Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Wiesbaden, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary (I.B.); and Department of Cardiology, University of Basel Children's Hospital, Switzerland (B.C.D.).
  • Donner BC From Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (C.S., F.W., V.A., P.L., P.A.S., H.A.K., D.T.); Division of Experimental Cardiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (N.V., X.-B.Z., J.H., S.L., M.B., D.D.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., J.H., D.D.); First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Germany (X.-B.Z., S.L., M.B.); Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology and BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Germany (S.K.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (A.R., G.S., K.K., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Division of Cardiology, Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Wiesbaden, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary (I.B.); and Department of Cardiology, University of Basel Children's Hospital, Switzerland (B.C.D.).
  • Katus HA From Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (C.S., F.W., V.A., P.L., P.A.S., H.A.K., D.T.); Division of Experimental Cardiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (N.V., X.-B.Z., J.H., S.L., M.B., D.D.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., J.H., D.D.); First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Germany (X.-B.Z., S.L., M.B.); Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology and BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Germany (S.K.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (A.R., G.S., K.K., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Division of Cardiology, Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Wiesbaden, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary (I.B.); and Department of Cardiology, University of Basel Children's Hospital, Switzerland (B.C.D.).
  • Dobrev D From Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (C.S., F.W., V.A., P.L., P.A.S., H.A.K., D.T.); Division of Experimental Cardiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (N.V., X.-B.Z., J.H., S.L., M.B., D.D.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., J.H., D.D.); First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Germany (X.-B.Z., S.L., M.B.); Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology and BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Germany (S.K.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (A.R., G.S., K.K., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Division of Cardiology, Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Wiesbaden, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary (I.B.); and Department of Cardiology, University of Basel Children's Hospital, Switzerland (B.C.D.).
  • Thomas D From Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (C.S., F.W., V.A., P.L., P.A.S., H.A.K., D.T.); Division of Experimental Cardiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (N.V., X.-B.Z., J.H., S.L., M.B., D.D.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., J.H., D.D.); First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Germany (X.-B.Z., S.L., M.B.); Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology and BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Germany (S.K.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (A.R., G.S., K.K., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Division of Cardiology, Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Wiesbaden, Germany (P.B., J.R.E.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary (I.B.); and Department of Cardiology, University of Basel Children's Hospital, Switzerland (B.C.D.). dierk.thomas@med.uni-heidelberg.de.
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  • 2015-05-09
Published in:
  • Circulation. - 2015
arrhythmias, cardiac
atrial fibrillation
electrophysiology
Action Potentials
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Atrial Fibrillation
Chronic Disease
Female
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Potassium Channels, Tandem Pore Domain
Up-Regulation
English BACKGROUND
Antiarrhythmic management of atrial fibrillation (AF) remains a major clinical challenge. Mechanism-based approaches to AF therapy are sought to increase effectiveness and to provide individualized patient care. K(2P)3.1 (TASK-1 [tandem of P domains in a weak inward-rectifying K+ channel-related acid-sensitive K+ channel-1]) 2-pore-domain K+ (K(2P)) channels have been implicated in action potential regulation in animal models. However, their role in the pathophysiology and treatment of paroxysmal and chronic patients with AF is unknown.


METHODS AND RESULTS
Right and left atrial tissue was obtained from patients with paroxysmal or chronic AF and from control subjects in sinus rhythm. Ion channel expression was analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. Membrane currents and action potentials were recorded using voltage- and current-clamp techniques. K(2P)3.1 subunits exhibited predominantly atrial expression, and atrial K(2P)3.1 transcript levels were highest among functional K(2P) channels. K(2P)3.1 mRNA and protein levels were increased in chronic AF. Enhancement of corresponding currents in the right atrium resulted in shortened action potential duration at 90% of repolarization (APD90) compared with patients in sinus rhythm. In contrast, K(2P)3.1 expression was not significantly affected in subjects with paroxysmal AF. Pharmacological K(2P)3.1 inhibition prolonged APD90 in atrial myocytes from patients with chronic AF to values observed among control subjects in sinus rhythm.


CONCLUSIONS
Enhancement of atrium-selective K(2P)3.1 currents contributes to APD shortening in patients with chronic AF, and K(2P)3.1 channel inhibition reverses AF-related APD shortening. These results highlight the potential of K(2P)3.1 as a novel drug target for mechanism-based AF therapy.
Language
  • English
Open access status
green
Identifiers
Persistent URL
https://sonar.ch/global/documents/273689
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