Electrochemical biosensors and nanobiosensors
- Hammond, Jules L. Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
- Formisano, Nello Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
- Estrela, Pedro Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
- Carrara, Sandro Integrated Systems Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Tkac, Jan Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia
- 2016-6-30
Published in:
- Essays in Biochemistry. - Portland Press Ltd.. - 2016, vol. 60, no. 1, p. 69-80
English
Electrochemical techniques have great promise for low-cost miniaturised easy-to-use portable devices for a wide range of applications–in particular, medical diagnosis and environmental monitoring. Different techniques can be used for biosensing, with amperometric devices taking the central role due to their widespread application in glucose monitoring. In fact, glucose biosensing takes an approximately 70% share of the biosensor market due to the need for diabetic patients to monitor their sugar levels several times a day, making it an appealing commercial market.
In this review, we present the basic principles of electrochemical biosensor devices. A description of the different generations of glucose sensors is used to describe in some detail the operation of amperometric sensors and how the introduction of mediators can enhance the performance of the sensors. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is a technique being increasingly used in devices due to its ability to detect variations in resistance and capacitance upon binding events. Novel advances in electrochemical sensors, due to the use of nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes and graphene, are presented as well as future directions that the field is taking.
- Language
-
- English
- Open access status
- green
- Identifiers
-
- DOI 10.1042/ebc20150008
- ISSN 0071-1365
- Persistent URL
- https://sonar.ch/global/documents/282306
Statistics
Document views: 39
File downloads:
- Full-text: 0