Mechanisms of allergen-specific immunotherapy: Diverse mechanisms of immune tolerance to allergens.
- Głobińska A Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Obere, Davos, Switzerland.
- Boonpiyathad T Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Obere, Davos, Switzerland.
- Satitsuksanoa P Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Obere, Davos, Switzerland.
- Kleuskens M Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Obere, Davos, Switzerland; Wageningen University and Research, Cell Biology and Immunology, Wageningen, Netherlands.
- van de Veen W Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Obere, Davos, Switzerland.
- Sokolowska M Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Obere, Davos, Switzerland.
- Akdis M Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Obere, Davos, Switzerland. Electronic address: akdism@siaf.uzh.ch.
- 2018-07-04
Published in:
- Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology. - 2018
Allergens
Arthropod Venoms
Asthma
B-Lymphocytes, Regulatory
CTLA-4 Antigen
Dendritic Cells
Desensitization, Immunologic
Food Hypersensitivity
Humans
Immune Tolerance
Interleukin-10
Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor
Rhinitis, Allergic
T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory
English
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current knowledge on the mechanisms of allergen immunotherapy based on the recent publications and clinical trials.
DATA SOURCES
PubMed literature review.
STUDY SELECTIONS
In this review, we focus on diverse mechanisms of AIT and provide an insight into alternative routes of administration. Additionally, we review and discuss the most recent studies investigating potential biomarkers and highlight their role in clinical settings.
RESULTS
Successful allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) induces the reinstatement of tolerance toward allergens and represents a disease-modifying treatment. In the last decades, substantial progress in understanding the mechanisms of AIT has been achieved. Establishment of long-term clinical tolerance to allergens engages a complex network of interactions, modulating the functions of basophils, mast cells, allergen-specific regulatory T and B cells, and production of specific antibodies. The reduction of symptoms and clinical improvement is achieved by skewing the immune response away from allergic inflammation.
CONCLUSION
Although the complex nature of AIT mechanisms is becoming more clear, the need to discover reliable biomarkers to define patients likely to respond to the treatment is emerging.
The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current knowledge on the mechanisms of allergen immunotherapy based on the recent publications and clinical trials.
DATA SOURCES
PubMed literature review.
STUDY SELECTIONS
In this review, we focus on diverse mechanisms of AIT and provide an insight into alternative routes of administration. Additionally, we review and discuss the most recent studies investigating potential biomarkers and highlight their role in clinical settings.
RESULTS
Successful allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) induces the reinstatement of tolerance toward allergens and represents a disease-modifying treatment. In the last decades, substantial progress in understanding the mechanisms of AIT has been achieved. Establishment of long-term clinical tolerance to allergens engages a complex network of interactions, modulating the functions of basophils, mast cells, allergen-specific regulatory T and B cells, and production of specific antibodies. The reduction of symptoms and clinical improvement is achieved by skewing the immune response away from allergic inflammation.
CONCLUSION
Although the complex nature of AIT mechanisms is becoming more clear, the need to discover reliable biomarkers to define patients likely to respond to the treatment is emerging.
- Language
-
- English
- Open access status
- bronze
- Identifiers
-
- DOI 10.1016/j.anai.2018.06.026
- PMID 29966703
- Persistent URL
- https://sonar.ch/global/documents/297402
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