The Evolution of Extracellular Matrix
- Özbek, Suat *Institute of Zoology, Department of Molecular Evolution and Genomics, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Balasubramanian, Prakash G. *Institute of Zoology, Department of Molecular Evolution and Genomics, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Chiquet-Ehrismann, Ruth Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Novartis Research Foundation, Basel, Switzerland;
- Tucker, Richard P. Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616;
- Adams, Josephine C. School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
Published in:
- Molecular Biology of the Cell. - American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB). - 2010, vol. 21, no. 24, p. 4300-4305
English
We present a perspective on the molecular evolution of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in metazoa that draws on research publications and data from sequenced genomes and expressed sequence tag libraries. ECM components do not function in isolation, and the biological ECM system or “adhesome” also depends on posttranslational processing enzymes, cell surface receptors, and extracellular proteases. We focus principally on the adhesome of internal tissues and discuss its origins at the dawn of the metazoa and the expansion of complexity that occurred in the chordate lineage. The analyses demonstrate very high conservation of a core adhesome that apparently evolved in a major wave of innovation in conjunction with the origin of metazoa. Integrin, CD36, and certain domains predate the metazoa, and some ECM-related proteins are identified in choanoflagellates as predicted sequences. Modern deuterostomes and vertebrates have many novelties and elaborations of ECM as a result of domain shuffling, domain innovations and gene family expansions. Knowledge of the evolution of metazoan ECM is important for understanding how it is built as a system, its roles in normal tissues and disease processes, and has relevance for tissue engineering, the development of artificial organs, and the goals of synthetic biology.
- Language
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- English
- Open access status
- green
- Identifiers
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- DOI 10.1091/mbc.E10-03-0251
- ISSN 1059-1524
- Persistent URL
- https://sonar.ch/global/documents/31052
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