Kohchi TGraduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. Electronic address: tkohchi@lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
Yamato KTFaculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kindai University, 930 Nishimitani, Kinokawa, Wakayama 649-6493, Japan. Electronic address: kyamato@waka.kindai.ac.jp.
Jenkins JDepartment of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA; HudsonAlpha Institute of Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA.
Shu SDepartment of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA.
Ishizaki KGraduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
Yamaoka SGraduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
Nishihama RGraduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
Nakamura YNational Institute of Genetics, Research Organization of Information and Systems, Yata, Mishima 411-8540, Japan.
Berger FGregor Mendel Institute (GMI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria.
Adam CDepartment of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA.
Aki SSGraduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama 8916-5, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan.
Althoff FBotany Department, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 11, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany.
Araki TGraduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
Arteaga-Vazquez MAUniversidad Veracruzana, INBIOTECA - Instituto de Biotecnología y Ecología Aplicada, Av. de las Culturas Veracruzanas No.101, Colonia Emiliano Zapata, 91090, Xalapa, Veracruz, México.
Caballero-Perez JNational Laboratory of Genomics for Biodiversity, CINVESTAV-IPN, Km 9.6 Lib. Norte Carr. Irapuato-León, 36821, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México.
Catarino BDepartment of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK.
Chen FDepartment of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
Chiyoda SGraduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
Chovatia MDepartment of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA.
Davies KMThe New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Private Bag 11-600, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Delmans MDepartment of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom.
Demura TGraduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama 8916-5, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan.
Dierschke TSchool of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne VIC 3800, Australia; Botany Department, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 11, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany.
Dolan LDepartment of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK.
Dorantes-Acosta AEUniversidad Veracruzana, INBIOTECA - Instituto de Biotecnología y Ecología Aplicada, Av. de las Culturas Veracruzanas No.101, Colonia Emiliano Zapata, 91090, Xalapa, Veracruz, México.
Eklund DMSchool of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne VIC 3800, Australia; Department of Plant Ecology and Evolution, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden.
Grimanelli DInstitut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR232, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier 34394, France.
Grimwood JDepartment of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA; HudsonAlpha Institute of Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA.
Grossniklaus UDepartment of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland.
Hamada TDepartment of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902 Japan.
Haseloff JDepartment of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom.
Hetherington AJDepartment of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK.
Higo AGraduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
Hirakawa YSchool of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne VIC 3800, Australia; Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University, Tokyo 171-8588, Japan.
Hundley HNDepartment of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA.
Ikeda YInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo 2-20-1, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046, Japan.
Inoue KGraduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
Inoue SIDivision of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.
Ishida SGraduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
Jia QDepartment of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
Kakita MDivision of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.
Kanazawa TNational Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigounaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan; Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
Kawai YDepartment of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Bank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai 980-8573, Japan.
Kawashima TGregor Mendel Institute (GMI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria; Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, 321 Plant Science Building, 1405 Veterans Dr., Lexington, KY 40546, USA.
Kennedy MDepartment of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA.
Kinose KGraduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
Kinoshita TInstitute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University, Tokyo 171-8588, Japan; Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.
Kohara YNational Institute of Genetics, Research Organization of Information and Systems, Yata, Mishima 411-8540, Japan.
Koide EGraduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
Komatsu KDepartment of Bioproduction Technology, Junior College of Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.
Kopischke SBotany Department, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 11, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany.
Kubo MGraduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama 8916-5, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan.
Kyozuka JGraduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
Lagercrantz UDepartment of Plant Ecology and Evolution, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden.
Lin SSInstitute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Lindquist EDepartment of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA.
Lipzen AMDepartment of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA.
Lu CWInstitute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
De Luna EInstituto de Ecología, AC., Red de Biodiversidad y Sistemática, Xalapa, Veracruz, 91000, México.
Martienssen RACold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA.
Minamino NNational Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigounaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan; Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
Mizutani MGraduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
Mizutani MGraduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
Mochizuki NGraduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
Monte IDepartment Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid. Spain.
Mosher RThe School of Plant Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ, USA.
Nagasaki HNational Institute of Genetics, Research Organization of Information and Systems, Yata, Mishima 411-8540, Japan; Department of Technology Development, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan.
Nakagami HRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan; Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, 50829 Cologne, Germany.
Naramoto SGraduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
Nishitani KLaboratory of Plant Cell Wall Biology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
Ohtani MGraduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama 8916-5, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan.
Okamoto TDepartment of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan.
Okumura MDivision of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.
Phillips JDepartment of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA.
Pollak BDepartment of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom.
Reinders ADepartment of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA.
Rövekamp MDepartment of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland.
Sano RGraduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama 8916-5, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan.
Sawa SGraduate school of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kurokami 2-39-1, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
Schmid MWDepartment of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland.
Shirakawa MGraduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
Solano RDepartment Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid. Spain.
Spunde ADepartment of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA.
Suetsugu NGraduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
Sugano SDepartment of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, the University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562 Japan.
Sugiyama AResearch Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan.
Sun RGraduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
Suzuki YDepartment of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, the University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562 Japan.
Takenaka MMolekulare Botanik, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany.
Takezawa DGraduate School of Science and Engineering and Institute for Environmental Science and Technology, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan.
Tomogane HGraduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
Tsuzuki MDepartment of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902 Japan.
Ueda TNational Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigounaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan.
Umeda MGraduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama 8916-5, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan.
Ward JMDepartment of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA.
Watanabe YDepartment of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902 Japan.
Yazaki KResearch Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan.
Yokoyama RLaboratory of Plant Cell Wall Biology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
Yoshitake YGraduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
Yotsui IRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
Zachgo SBotany Department, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 11, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany.
Schmutz JDepartment of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA; HudsonAlpha Institute of Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA.
English
The evolution of land flora transformed the terrestrial environment. Land plants evolved from an ancestral charophycean alga from which they inherited developmental, biochemical, and cell biological attributes. Additional biochemical and physiological adaptations to land, and a life cycle with an alternation between multicellular haploid and diploid generations that facilitated efficient dispersal of desiccation tolerant spores, evolved in the ancestral land plant. We analyzed the genome of the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha, a member of a basal land plant lineage. Relative to charophycean algae, land plant genomes are characterized by genes encoding novel biochemical pathways, new phytohormone signaling pathways (notably auxin), expanded repertoires of signaling pathways, and increased diversity in some transcription factor families. Compared with other sequenced land plants, M. polymorpha exhibits low genetic redundancy in most regulatory pathways, with this portion of its genome resembling that predicted for the ancestral land plant. PAPERCLIP.