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Higher PUFA and n-3 PUFA, conjugated linoleic acid, α-tocopherol and iron, but lower iodine and selenium concentrations in organic milk: a systematic literature review and meta- and redundancy analyses.

  • Średnicka-Tober D 1Nafferton Ecological Farming Group (NEFG),School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development,Newcastle University,Nafferton Farm,Stocksfield,Northumberland NE43 7XD,UK.
  • Barański M 1Nafferton Ecological Farming Group (NEFG),School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development,Newcastle University,Nafferton Farm,Stocksfield,Northumberland NE43 7XD,UK.
  • Seal CJ 2School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development,Human Nutrition Research Centre,Newcastle University,Agriculture Building,Kings Road,Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU,UK.
  • Sanderson R 3School of Biology,Newcastle University,Ridley Building,Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU,UK.
  • Benbrook C 4Benbrook Consulting Services,90063 Troy Road, Enterprise,OR 97828,USA.
  • Steinshamn H 5Food and Agriculture Division-Grassland and Forage,Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO),Gunnars veg 6,N-6630 Tingvoll,Norway.
  • Gromadzka-Ostrowska J 6Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences,Warsaw University of Life Sciences,Nowoursynowska 159c,Warsaw 02-776,Poland.
  • Rembiałkowska E 7Department of Functional and Organic Food and Commodities, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences,Warsaw University of Life Sciences,Nowoursynowska 159c,Warsaw 02-776,Poland.
  • Skwarło-Sońta K 8Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology,University of Warsaw,Miecznikowa 1,Warsaw 02-096,Poland.
  • Eyre M 1Nafferton Ecological Farming Group (NEFG),School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development,Newcastle University,Nafferton Farm,Stocksfield,Northumberland NE43 7XD,UK.
  • Cozzi G 9Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health,University of Padua,Viale dell' Università 19,35020 Legnaro,Italy.
  • Larsen MK 10Department of Food Science-Food Chemistry & Technology,Aarhus University,Blichers Allé 20,Building F20/8845,8830 Tjele,Denmark.
  • Jordon T 1Nafferton Ecological Farming Group (NEFG),School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development,Newcastle University,Nafferton Farm,Stocksfield,Northumberland NE43 7XD,UK.
  • Niggli U 11Research Institute for Organic Agriculture (FiBL),Ackerstrasse 113,CH-5070 Frick,Switzerland.
  • Sakowski T 12Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding,Polish Academy of Science,Jastrzębiec, Postępu 36,Magdalenka 05-552,Poland.
  • Calder PC 13Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine,University of Southampton,Southampton SO16 6YD,UK.
  • Burdge GC 13Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine,University of Southampton,Southampton SO16 6YD,UK.
  • Sotiraki S 14National Agricultural Research Foundation (NAGREF),Veterinary Research Institute of Thessaloniki,Thermi 57001,Thessaloniki,Greece.
  • Stefanakis A 14National Agricultural Research Foundation (NAGREF),Veterinary Research Institute of Thessaloniki,Thermi 57001,Thessaloniki,Greece.
  • Stergiadis S 1Nafferton Ecological Farming Group (NEFG),School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development,Newcastle University,Nafferton Farm,Stocksfield,Northumberland NE43 7XD,UK.
  • Yolcu H 1Nafferton Ecological Farming Group (NEFG),School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development,Newcastle University,Nafferton Farm,Stocksfield,Northumberland NE43 7XD,UK.
  • Chatzidimitriou E 1Nafferton Ecological Farming Group (NEFG),School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development,Newcastle University,Nafferton Farm,Stocksfield,Northumberland NE43 7XD,UK.
  • Butler G 1Nafferton Ecological Farming Group (NEFG),School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development,Newcastle University,Nafferton Farm,Stocksfield,Northumberland NE43 7XD,UK.
  • Stewart G 1Nafferton Ecological Farming Group (NEFG),School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development,Newcastle University,Nafferton Farm,Stocksfield,Northumberland NE43 7XD,UK.
  • Leifert C 1Nafferton Ecological Farming Group (NEFG),School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development,Newcastle University,Nafferton Farm,Stocksfield,Northumberland NE43 7XD,UK.
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  • 2016-02-16
Published in:
  • The British journal of nutrition. - 2016
n-3 PUFA
AA arachidonic acid
ALA α-linolenic acid
Antioxidants
BS basket studies
CLA conjugated linoleic acid
Conjugated linoleic acid
Dairy products
EFSA European Food Safety Authority
EX controlled experiments
FA fatty acid
LA linoleic acid
MPD mean percentage difference
Milk
Organic products
RDA redundancy analysis
SMD standardised mean difference
UM unweighted meta-analysis
VA vaccenic acid
VLC very long chain
Vitamins
WM weighted meta-analysis
Animals
Cattle
Dairying
Dietary Fats, Unsaturated
Evidence-Based Practice
Fatty Acids, Omega-3
Food, Organic
Humans
Iodine
Iron, Dietary
Linoleic Acids, Conjugated
Livestock
Milk
Nutritive Value
Selenium
alpha-Tocopherol
English Demand for organic milk is partially driven by consumer perceptions that it is more nutritious. However, there is still considerable uncertainty over whether the use of organic production standards affects milk quality. Here we report results of meta-analyses based on 170 published studies comparing the nutrient content of organic and conventional bovine milk. There were no significant differences in total SFA and MUFA concentrations between organic and conventional milk. However, concentrations of total PUFA and n-3 PUFA were significantly higher in organic milk, by an estimated 7 (95 % CI -1, 15) % and 56 (95 % CI 38, 74) %, respectively. Concentrations of α-linolenic acid (ALA), very long-chain n-3 fatty acids (EPA+DPA+DHA) and conjugated linoleic acid were also significantly higher in organic milk, by an 69 (95 % CI 53, 84) %, 57 (95 % CI 27, 87) % and 41 (95 % CI 14, 68) %, respectively. As there were no significant differences in total n-6 PUFA and linoleic acid (LA) concentrations, the n-6:n-3 and LA:ALA ratios were lower in organic milk, by an estimated 71 (95 % CI -122, -20) % and 93 (95 % CI -116, -70) %. It is concluded that organic bovine milk has a more desirable fatty acid composition than conventional milk. Meta-analyses also showed that organic milk has significantly higher α-tocopherol and Fe, but lower I and Se concentrations. Redundancy analysis of data from a large cross-European milk quality survey indicates that the higher grazing/conserved forage intakes in organic systems were the main reason for milk composition differences.
Language
  • English
Open access status
hybrid
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Persistent URL
https://sonar.ch/global/documents/62463
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