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Vitamin D and cognitive function: A Mendelian randomisation study.

  • Maddock J MRC Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, United Kingdom. jane.maddock@ucl.ac.uk.
  • Zhou A Centre for Population Health Research, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
  • Cavadino A Population, Policy and Practice, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.
  • Kuźma E University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom.
  • Bao Y Institute for Social and Economic Research (ISER), University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom.
  • Smart MC Institute for Social and Economic Research (ISER), University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom.
  • Saum KU Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
  • Schöttker B Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
  • Engmann J Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
  • Kjærgaard M Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
  • Karhunen V Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
  • Zhan Y Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Lehtimäki T Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
  • Rovio SP Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
  • Byberg L Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
  • Lahti J Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
  • Marques-Vidal P Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
  • Sen A Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
  • Perna L Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
  • Schirmer H Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
  • Singh-Manoux A Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
  • Auvinen J Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
  • Hutri-Kähönen N Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
  • Kähönen M Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital and Faculty  of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
  • Kilander L Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
  • Räikkönen K Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
  • Melhus H Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
  • Ingelsson E Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
  • Guessous I Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Department of Community Medicine, Primary Care and Emergency Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
  • Petrovic KE Division of General Neurology, Department of Neurology, General Hospital and Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
  • Schmidt H Research Unit for Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
  • Schmidt R Department of Neurology, Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.
  • Vollenweider P Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
  • Lind L Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
  • Eriksson JG Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
  • Michaëlsson K Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
  • Raitakari OT Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
  • Hägg S Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Pedersen NL Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Herzig KH Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
  • Järvelin MR Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
  • Veijola J Medical Research Center (MRC) and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
  • Kivimaki M Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
  • Jorde R Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
  • Brenner H Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
  • Kumari M Institute for Social and Economic Research (ISER), University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom.
  • Power C Population, Policy and Practice, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.
  • Llewellyn DJ University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom.
  • Hyppönen E Population, Policy and Practice, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom. elina.hypponen@unisa.edu.au.
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  • 2017-10-18
Published in:
  • Scientific reports. - 2017
Aged
Cognition
Cohort Studies
Female
Humans
Male
Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Middle Aged
Phenotype
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Vitamin D
Vitamins
English The causal nature of the association between hypovitaminosis D and poor cognitive function in mid- to later-life is uncertain. Using a Mendelian randomisation(MR) approach, we examined the causal relationship between 25(OH)D and cognitive function. Data came from 172,349 participants from 17 cohorts. DHCR7(rs12785878), CYP2R1 rs12794714) and their combined synthesis score were chosen to proxy 25(OH)D. Cognitive tests were standardised into global and memory scores. Analyses were stratified by 25(OH)D tertiles, sex and age. Random effects meta-analyses assessed associations between 25(OH)D and cognitive function. Associations of serum 25(OH)D with global and memory-related cognitive function were non-linear (lower cognitive scores for both low and high 25(OH)D, p curvature ≤ 0.006), with much of the curvature attributed to a single study. DHCR7, CYP2R1, and the synthesis score were associated with small reductions in 25(OH)D per vitamin D-decreasing allele. However, coefficients for associations with global or memory-related cognitive function were non-significant and in opposing directions for DHCR7 and CYP2R1, with no overall association observed for the synthesis score. Coefficients for the synthesis score and global and memory cognition were similar when stratified by 25(OH)D tertiles, sex and age. We found no evidence for serum 25(OH)D concentration as a causal factor for cognitive performance in mid- to later life.
Language
  • English
Open access status
gold
Identifiers
Persistent URL
https://sonar.ch/global/documents/70076
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