Bacterial-fungal interactions: ecology, mechanisms and challenges.
Deveau AUniversité de Lorraine, INRA, UMR IAM, 54280 Champenoux, France.
Bonito GDepartment of Plant Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Uehling JBiology Department, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27705, USA.
Paoletti MInstitut de Biologie et Génétique Cellulaire, UMR 5095 CNRS et Université de Bordeaux, 1 rue Camille Saint-Saëns, 33077 Bordeaux cedex, France.
Becker MIGZ, Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, 14979 Großbeeren, Germany.
Bindschedler SLaboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
Hacquard SDepartment of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, 50829 Cologne, Germany.
Hervé VLaboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
Labbé JBiosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.
Lastovetsky OAGraduate Field of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Mieszkin SUniversité de Lorraine, INRA, UMR IAM, 54280 Champenoux, France.
Millet LJJoint Institute for Biological Science, University of Tennessee, and the Biosciences Division of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.
Vajna BDepartment of Microbiology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.
Junier PLaboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
Bonfante PDepartment of Life Science and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy.
Krom BPDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry, G. Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Olsson SState Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou 350002, China.
van Elsas JDMicrobial Ecology group, GELIFES, University of Groningen, 9747 Groningen, The Netherlands.
Wick LYHelmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Department of Environmental Microbiology, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
English
Fungi and bacteria are found living together in a wide variety of environments. Their interactions are significant drivers of many ecosystem functions and are important for the health of plants and animals. A large number of fungal and bacterial families engage in complex interactions that lead to critical behavioural shifts of the microorganisms ranging from mutualism to antagonism. The importance of bacterial-fungal interactions (BFI) in environmental science, medicine and biotechnology has led to the emergence of a dynamic and multidisciplinary research field that combines highly diverse approaches including molecular biology, genomics, geochemistry, chemical and microbial ecology, biophysics and ecological modelling. In this review, we discuss recent advances that underscore the roles of BFI across relevant habitats and ecosystems. A particular focus is placed on the understanding of BFI within complex microbial communities and in regard of the metaorganism concept. We also discuss recent discoveries that clarify the (molecular) mechanisms involved in bacterial-fungal relationships, and the contribution of new technologies to decipher generic principles of BFI in terms of physical associations and molecular dialogues. Finally, we discuss future directions for research in order to stimulate synergy within the BFI research area and to resolve outstanding questions.