Nanopore Diameters Tune Strain in Extruded Fibronectin Fibers.
Raoufi MDepartment of New Materials and Biosystems, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , Heisenbergstraße 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
Das TDepartment of New Materials and Biosystems, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , Heisenbergstraße 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
Schoen ILaboratory of Applied Mechanobiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich , Vladimir-Prelog Weg 4 (HCI F443), CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
Vogel VLaboratory of Applied Mechanobiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich , Vladimir-Prelog Weg 4 (HCI F443), CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
Brüggemann DDepartment of New Materials and Biosystems, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , Heisenbergstraße 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
Spatz JPDepartment of New Materials and Biosystems, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , Heisenbergstraße 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
English
Fibronectin is present in the extracellular matrix and can be assembled into nanofibers in vivo by undergoing conformational changes. Here, we present a novel approach to prepare fibronectin nanofibers under physiological conditions using an extrusion approach through nanoporous aluminum oxide membranes. This one-step process can prepare nanofiber bundles up to a millimeter in length and with uniform fiber diameters in the nanometer range. Most importantly, by using different pore diameters and protein concentrations in the extrusion process, we could induce varying lasting structural changes in the fibers, which were monitored by Förster resonance energy transfer and should impose different physiological functions.