Sleepiness at the time of testing impairs olfactory performance.
- Ghielmini E Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Poryazova R
- Baumann CR
- Bassetti CL
- 2012-11-14
Published in:
- European neurology. - 2013
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Disorders of Excessive Somnolence
Female
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Narcolepsy
Olfaction Disorders
Parkinson Disease
Restless Legs Syndrome
Sleep
Smell
English
BACKGROUND
We aimed to investigate the differential roles of hypocretin versus dopamine dysfunction versus excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in the development of hyposmia. Olfaction in patients with Parkinson disease, restless leg syndrome, narcolepsy with cataplexy, EDS, and healthy controls was compared.
METHODS
Sixty-six subjects participated in the study: 14 with PD, 13 with NC, 12 with RLS, 8 with EDS, and 20 healthy controls. Olfaction was tested using standardized Sniffin'Sticks test. Sleepiness was assessed using Karolinska, Stanford and Epworth sleepiness scales.
RESULTS
Olfactory discrimination correlated negatively with subjective momentary sleepiness. A significant deficit in olfaction was found in PD patients with respect to all other groups in all olfactory domains. No significant differences were found between the other groups.
CONCLUSION
We could not confirm decreased olfaction in patients with NC. Yet the significant correlation between momentary sleepiness and olfactory function suggests that sleepiness is a potential confounding factor in the assessment of olfaction, e.g. in NC. Furthermore, our results confirm that olfaction is impaired in PD, whereas it is normal in RLS.
We aimed to investigate the differential roles of hypocretin versus dopamine dysfunction versus excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in the development of hyposmia. Olfaction in patients with Parkinson disease, restless leg syndrome, narcolepsy with cataplexy, EDS, and healthy controls was compared.
METHODS
Sixty-six subjects participated in the study: 14 with PD, 13 with NC, 12 with RLS, 8 with EDS, and 20 healthy controls. Olfaction was tested using standardized Sniffin'Sticks test. Sleepiness was assessed using Karolinska, Stanford and Epworth sleepiness scales.
RESULTS
Olfactory discrimination correlated negatively with subjective momentary sleepiness. A significant deficit in olfaction was found in PD patients with respect to all other groups in all olfactory domains. No significant differences were found between the other groups.
CONCLUSION
We could not confirm decreased olfaction in patients with NC. Yet the significant correlation between momentary sleepiness and olfactory function suggests that sleepiness is a potential confounding factor in the assessment of olfaction, e.g. in NC. Furthermore, our results confirm that olfaction is impaired in PD, whereas it is normal in RLS.
- Language
-
- English
- Open access status
- green
- Identifiers
-
- DOI 10.1159/000337449
- PMID 23146877
- Persistent URL
- https://sonar.ch/global/documents/141495
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