Genome Analyses of >200,000 Individuals Identify 58 Loci for Chronic Inflammation and Highlight Pathways that Link Inflammation and Complex Disorders.
Ligthart SDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands.
Vaez ADepartment of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands; Department of Bioinformatics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran.
Võsa UDepartment of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands; Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia.
Stathopoulou MGUniversité de Lorraine, INSERM, IGE-PCV, 54000 Nancy, France.
de Vries PSDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands; Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Prins BPDepartment of Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK.
Van der Most PJDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
Tanaka TTranslational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
Naderi EDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713 GZ, the Netherlands.
Rose LMDivision of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Wu YDepartment of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Karlsson RDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden.
Barbalic MUniversity of Split School of Medicine, Split 21000, Croatia.
Lin HDepartment of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
Pool RDepartment of Biological Psychology, Netherlands Twin Register, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam 1081 BT, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health research institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam 1081 BT, the Netherlands.
Zhu GQIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
Macé ADepartment of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1010, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne 1010, Switzerland.
Sidore CIstituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Sardinia 08045, Italy.
Trompet SDepartment of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands; Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands.
Mangino MDepartment of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK.
Sabater-Lleal MUnit of Genomics of Complex Diseases, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Barcelona 08025, Spain; Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17176, Sweden.
Kemp JPUniversity of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK.
Abbasi ADepartment of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713 GZ, the Netherlands; MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
Kacprowski TDepartment of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany.
Verweij NUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen 9713 AV, the Netherlands.
Smith AVIcelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur 201, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik 101, Iceland.
Huang TDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Marzi CInstitute of Epidemiology II, Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich 85764, Germany.
Feitosa MFDivision of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108-2212, USA.
Lohman KKDepartment of Epidemiology and Prevention, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
Kleber MEVth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68167, Germany.
Milaneschi YDepartment of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center/GGZ inGeest Research & Innovation, Amsterdam 1081 HJ, the Netherlands.
Mueller CDepartment of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg 20246, Germany; Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site RhineMain, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
Huq MDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
Vlachopoulou ETransplantation Laboratory, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
Lyytikäinen LPDepartment of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33014, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere 33520, Finland.
Oldmeadow CHunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambon Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; Centre for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
Deelen JMolecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, the Netherlands; Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne 50931, Germany.
Perola MNational Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki 00271, Finland.
Zhao JHMRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
Amini MDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
Lahti JCentre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH16 4UX, UK.
Schraut KEHuman Genetics Center, School of Public Health and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Fornage MDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
Suktitipat BCenter for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Chen WMInstitute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA.
Li XInstitute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso," Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli 80131, Italy.
Nutile TDepartment of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy.
Malerba GMRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
Luan JInterdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
Bak THuman Biology, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Quantitative Medicine, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
Schork NInstitute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano 39100, Italy.
Del Greco M FInstitute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munich 80337, Germany.
Thiering EWellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.
Mahajan ACentre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK.
Marioni REEstonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia.
Mihailov EDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 41345, Sweden.
Eriksson JDepartment of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5618, USA.
Ozel ABDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex UB1 3HW, UK.
Zhang WBioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 413 90, Sweden.
Nethander MDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Cheng YCDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0022, USA.
Aslibekyan SMedical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
Gandin ICentre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8199, University of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, FR 3508, 59000 Lille, France; Program in Complex Trait Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
Yengo LSupport OU, Institute of Genetic and Biomedic Research, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Sassari 7100, Italy.
Portas LFred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Public Health Sciences Division, Mail Stop M3-A410, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, USA.
Kooperberg CClinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University Graz, Graz 8036, Austria; Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University Graz, Graz 8036, Austria.
Hofer EDepartment of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Rajan KBCharles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Schurmann CDepartment of Medical Statistics and Bio-informatics, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, the Netherlands.
den Hollander WSteno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte 2820, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark.
Ahluwalia TSCenter for Integrative Genomics, School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
Zhao JDepartment of Biological Psychology, Netherlands Twin Register, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam 1081 BT, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health research institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam 1081 BT, the Netherlands; Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands.
Draisma HHMRobertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
Ford IMRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK.
Timpson NDepartment SHIP-KEF, Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany.
Teumer AProgram in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Huang HInstitute of Epidemiology II, Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich 85764, Germany.
Wahl SDepartment of Epidemiology and Prevention, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
Liu YBoston VA Research Institute, Inc., Boston, MA 02130, USA.
Huang JMedical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, the Netherlands.
Geller FCentre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH16 4UX, UK.
Joshi PKGeneSTAR Research Center, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Yanek LRDepartment of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy.
Trabetti EDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK.
Lehne BInstitute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo," Trieste 34140, Italy.
Vozzi DCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8199, University of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, FR 3508, 59000 Lille, France.
Verbanck MInstitute of Molecular Genetics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Pavia 27100, Italy.
Biino GGottfried Schatz Research Center, Institute for Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, 8010 Graz, Austria.
Saba YDepartment of Medical Statistics and Bio-informatics, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, the Netherlands.
Meulenbelt IDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
O'Connell JRInstitute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio 70210, Finland.
Laakso MDivision of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Giulianini FDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden.
Magnusson PKEDepartment of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Ballantyne CMDepartment of Biological Psychology, Netherlands Twin Register, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam 1081 BT, the Netherlands.
Hottenga JJQIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
Montgomery GWDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 CN, the Netherlands.
Rivadineira FDepartment of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1010, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland.
Rueedi RIstituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Sardinia 08045, Italy.
Steri MDepartment of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Medical Research Center Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu 90014, Finland; Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu 90220, Finland; Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan 60-512, Poland.
Herzig KHInstitute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
Stott DJDepartment of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK.
Menni CCardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17176, Sweden; Department of Numerical Analysis and Computer Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden.
Frånberg MMRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; Donders Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen 6525 XD, the Netherlands.
St Pourcain BGerman Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany; Department for Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany.
Felix SBDepartment of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen 2300, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark.
Pers THDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713 GZ, the Netherlands.
Bakker SJLProgram in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Kraft PInstitute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherber 85764, Germany.
Peters AGeneSTAR Research Center, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Vaidya DVth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68167, Germany.
Delgado GDepartment of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center/GGZ inGeest Research & Innovation, Amsterdam 1081 HJ, the Netherlands.
Smit JHCenter for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany.
Großmann VHeart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital and Helsinki University, Helsinki 00029, Finland.
Sinisalo JDepartment of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33014, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere 33520, Finland.
Seppälä IDepartment of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Williams SRHunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambon Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; Centre for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
Holliday EGMolecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, the Netherlands.
Moed MMRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
Langenberg CDepartment of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
Räikkönen KDepartment of Internal Medicine/Geriatrics, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
Ding JCentre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH16 4UX, UK.
Campbell HCenter for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Sale MMInstitute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA.
Chen YIBusselton Population Medical Research Institute, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
James ALInstitute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso," Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli 80131, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) 86077, Italy.
Soranzo NInterdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
Hartman CADepartment of Pediatrics and Rady Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Smith ENCenter for Cardiovascular Health, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
Berenson GSInstitute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano 39100, Italy.
Fuchsberger CLaboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Hernandez DInstitute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munich 80337, Germany.
Tiesler CMTDepartment of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Molecular Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala 752 37, Sweden.
Giedraitis VCentre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK.
Liewald DEstonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia.
Fischer KDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 41345, Sweden.
Mellström DDepartment of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala 751 41, Sweden.
Larsson ADepartment of Medicine, Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
Wang YDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK.
Scott WRDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 41345, Sweden; Geriatric Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal 431 80, Sweden.
Lorentzon MPathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
Beilby JDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Ryan KAMedical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
Pennell CEMedical Sciences, Surgical and Health Department, University of Trieste, Trieste 34137, Italy.
Vuckovic DINSERM U1018, Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations, Team 5 (EpReC, Renal, and Cardiovascular Epidemiology), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif 94807, France.
Balkau BInstitute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo," Trieste 34140, Italy.
Concas MPClinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University Graz, Graz 8036, Austria.
Schmidt RDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Mendes de Leon CFCharles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Bottinger EPDepartment of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, the Netherlands.
Kloppenburg MMRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK.
Paternoster LDepartment of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Boehnke MBusselton Population Medical Research Institute, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
Musk AWDepartment of Biological Psychology, Netherlands Twin Register, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam 1081 BT, the Netherlands.
Willemsen GUniversity of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK.
Evans DMDepartment of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 4560 Clayton Ave., Suite 1000, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Madden PAFDepartment of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere 33520, Finland.
Kähönen MSwiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne 1010, Switzerland.
Kutalik ZIstituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Sardinia 08045, Italy.
Zoledziewska MCenter for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulun yliopisto, Finland.
Karhunen VGerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Sticht Center on Aging and Rehabilitation, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
Kritchevsky SBBHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK.
Sattar NDepartment of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK.
Lachance GClinical Trial Service Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK.
Clarke RLaboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Harris TBDepartment of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku 20520, Finland; Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku 20520, Finland.
Raitakari OTHunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambon Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; Centre for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NWS 2305, Australia.
Attia JRDepartment of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands.
van Heemst DChronic Disease Prevention Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki 00014, Finland; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00290, Finland; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu 90014, Finland.
Kajantie EInstitute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso," Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli 80131, Italy.
Sorice RDivision of Nephrology and Dialysis, Columbus-Gemelli University Hospital, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma 168, Italy.
Gambaro GMRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
Scott RAInstitute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano 39100, Italy.
Hicks AATranslational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
Ferrucci LInstitute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany.
Standl MWellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK; Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
Lindgren CMCentre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Alzheimer's Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK.
Starr JMDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Orthopaedic Surgery, Lund University, Malmo 20502, Sweden.
Karlsson MDepartment of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala 751 41, Sweden.
Lind LDepartment of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5618, USA.
Li JZDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex UB1 3HW, UK; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0HS, UK; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore; MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK.
Chambers JCMedical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
Mori TADepartment of Biological Psychology, Netherlands Twin Register, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam 1081 BT, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health research institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam 1081 BT, the Netherlands.
de Geus EJCNDepartment of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 4560 Clayton Ave., Suite 1000, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Heath ACQIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
Martin NGCenter for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulun yliopisto, Finland; Unit of Primary Health Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu 90220, Finland.
Auvinen JDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland.
Buckley BMDepartment of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands.
de Craen AJMInstitute of Epidemiology II, Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80636 Munich, Germany.
Waldenberger MInstitute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Neuherberg 85764, Germany.
Strauch KInstitute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich 85764, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich 81377, Germany.
Meitinger THunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambon Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; Information-Based Medicine Stream, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia.
Scott RJHunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambon Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; Centre for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
McEvoy MMolecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, the Netherlands.
Beekman MDepartment of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy.
Bombieri CDivision of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Ridker PMDepartment of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Mohlke KLDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden.
Pedersen NLHuman Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Morrison ACDepartment of Biological Psychology, Netherlands Twin Register, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam 1081 BT, the Netherlands.
Boomsma DIQIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
Whitfield JBPopulation Health Research Institute, St. George's, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK.
Strachan DPDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands.
Hofman ADepartment of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.
Vollenweider PIstituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Sardinia 08045, Italy.
Cucca FBiocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu 90220, Finland; Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulun yliopisto, Finland; Unit of Primary Health Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu 90220, Finland; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment & Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, UK.
Jarvelin MRDepartment of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands; Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, Amsterdam 3501 DG, the Netherlands; Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht 3511 EP, the Netherlands.
Jukema JWDepartment of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK.
Spector TDCardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17176, Sweden.
Hamsten ADepartment of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg 20246, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site RhineMain, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
Zeller TDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 CN, the Netherlands.
Uitterlinden AGGerman Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany; Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany.
Nauck MIcelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur 201, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik 101, Iceland.
Gudnason VDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
Qi LInstitute of Epidemiology II, Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich 85764, Germany.
Grallert HAnalytical Genetics Group, Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.
Borecki IBInstitute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA.
Rotter JIVth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68167, Germany; Synlab Academy, Synlab Holding Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim 68161, Germany; Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8036, Austria.
März WGerman Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site RhineMain, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany; Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Center for Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany.
Wild PSTransplantation Laboratory, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
Lokki MLJohn Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NWS 2305, Australia.
Boyle MNational Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki 00271, Finland.
Salomaa VDepartment of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen 2300, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2300, Denmark; Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Melbye MNational Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki 00271, Finland; Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki 00250, Finland; Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
Eriksson JGCentre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH16 4UX, UK; MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK.
Wilson JFDepartment of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center/GGZ inGeest Research & Innovation, Amsterdam 1081 HJ, the Netherlands.
Penninx BWJHGeneSTAR Research Center, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Becker DMDepartments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia Charlottesville, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0394, USA.
Worrall BBCenter for Integrative Genomics, School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
Gibson GChildren's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609, USA.
Krauss RMInstitute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso," Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli 80131, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) 86077, Italy.
Ciullo MRenal Unit, Department of Medicine, Verona University Hospital, Verona 37126, Italy.
Zaza GMRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
Wareham NJInterdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
Oldehinkel AJSchool of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
Palmer LJDepartment of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
Murray SSInstitute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano 39100, Italy; General Central Hospital, Department of Neurology, Bolzano 39100, Italy; Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23538, Germany.
Pramstaller PPGeriatric Unit, Azienda Sanitaria Firenze, Florence 50122, Italy.
Bandinelli SInstitute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich, Member DZL, German Center for Lung Research, 81377 Munich, Germany.
Heinrich JDepartment of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala 751 41, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Ingelsson ECentre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK.
Deary IJEstonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia.
Mägi RDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 41345, Sweden.
Vandenput LUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen 9713 AV, the Netherlands.
van der Harst PDepartment of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Desch KCDepartment of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex UB1 3HW, UK; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0HS, UK; MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK.
Kooner JSDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 41345, Sweden.
Ohlsson CMRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK.
Hayward CDepartment of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33014, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere 33520, Finland.
Lehtimäki TDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Shuldiner ARUniversity of Kentucky, College of Public Health, Lexington, KY 40508, USA.
Arnett DKMedical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
Beilin LJInstitute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo," Trieste 34140, Italy.
Robino ACentre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8199, University of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, FR 3508, 59000 Lille, France; Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
Froguel PSupport OU, Institute of Genetic and Biomedic Research, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Sassari 7100, Italy.
Pirastu MCenter for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg 2200, Denmark.
Jess TGerman Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80636 Munich, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine II-Cardiology, University of Ulm Medical Center, 80801 Ulm, Germany; Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, 80636 Munich, Germany.
Koenig WCharles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6542, USA.
Loos RJFDepartment of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Evans DADepartment of Neurology, Medical University Graz, Graz 8010, Austria; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria.
Schmidt HMRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK.
Smith GDMolecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, the Netherlands.
Eiriksdottir GWellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK; Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GL, UK.
Morris APCardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-7660, USA; Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
Psaty BMDepartment of Pathology, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT 05405, USA.
Tracy RPDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
Nolte IMHuman Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Boerwinkle EUniversité de Lorraine, INSERM, IGE-PCV, 54000 Nancy, France.
Visvikis-Siest SDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
Reiner APDepartment of Lab Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Gross MCardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
Bis JCDepartment of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
Franke LDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Franco OHDepartment of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA.
Benjamin EJDivision of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Chasman DINational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
Dupuis JDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
Snieder HDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment & Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK. Electronic address: a.dehghan@imperial.ac.uk.
Dehghan ADepartment of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands. Electronic address: b.z.alizadeh@umcg.nl.
English
C-reactive protein (CRP) is a sensitive biomarker of chronic low-grade inflammation and is associated with multiple complex diseases. The genetic determinants of chronic inflammation remain largely unknown, and the causal role of CRP in several clinical outcomes is debated. We performed two genome-wide association studies (GWASs), on HapMap and 1000 Genomes imputed data, of circulating amounts of CRP by using data from 88 studies comprising 204,402 European individuals. Additionally, we performed in silico functional analyses and Mendelian randomization analyses with several clinical outcomes. The GWAS meta-analyses of CRP revealed 58 distinct genetic loci (p < 5 × 10-8). After adjustment for body mass index in the regression analysis, the associations at all except three loci remained. The lead variants at the distinct loci explained up to 7.0% of the variance in circulating amounts of CRP. We identified 66 gene sets that were organized in two substantially correlated clusters, one mainly composed of immune pathways and the other characterized by metabolic pathways in the liver. Mendelian randomization analyses revealed a causal protective effect of CRP on schizophrenia and a risk-increasing effect on bipolar disorder. Our findings provide further insights into the biology of inflammation and could lead to interventions for treating inflammation and its clinical consequences.