Journal article
Eye tracker based study: Perception of faces with a cleft lip and nose deformity.
- van Schijndel O Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (Head: Prof. S.J. Bergé), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: olaf.vanschijndel@radboudumc.nl.
- Litschel R Rhinology and Facial Plastic Surgery (Head: Prof. S. Stöckli), Department of Otolaryngology, Cantonal Hospital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland.
- Maal TJ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (Head: Prof. S.J. Bergé), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Bergé SJ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (Head: Prof. S.J. Bergé), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Tasman AJ Rhinology and Facial Plastic Surgery (Head: Prof. S. Stöckli), Department of Otolaryngology, Cantonal Hospital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland.
- 2015-08-24
Published in:
- Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery : official publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery. - 2015
Cleft lip and nose
Eye-tracking
Photoshop
Schisis
Simulation
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Attention
Attitude
Cicatrix
Cleft Lip
Eye Movement Measurements
Humans
Middle Aged
Nose
Personal Satisfaction
Personality
Photography
Social Behavior
Social Desirability
Social Distance
Social Perception
Time Factors
Visual Analog Scale
Visual Perception
Young Adult
English
AIM
Quantification of visual attention directed towards cleft stigmata and its impact on the perception of selected personality traits.
METHODS
Forty observers were divided into two groups and their visual scan paths were recorded. Both groups observed a series of photographs displaying full frontal views of the faces of 18 adult patients with clefts, nine with residual cleft stigmata and nine with digitally-corrected stigmata (each patient only appeared once per series). Patients that appeared with residual stigmata in one series appeared digitally corrected in the other series and vice versa. Visual fixation times on the upper lip and nose were compared between the original and corrected photographs. Observers subsequently rated personality traits as perceived using visual analogue scales and the same photographs that they had observed in the series.
RESULTS
In faces depicting cleft stigmata observers spent more time looking at the oronasal region of interest, followed by the eyes (39.6%; SD 5.0 and 35.1%; SD 3.6, respectively, p = 0.0198). Observers spent more time looking at the cleft lip compared with the corrected lip (21.2%; SD 4.0 and 16.7%; SD 5.0, respectively, p = 0.006). The differences between questionnaire scores for faces with cleft stigmata compared with faces with corrected stigmata for withdrawn-sociable, discontent-content, lazy-assiduous, unimaginative-creative, unlikeable-likeable, and the sum of individual personality traits were not significant.
CONCLUSION
According to these findings, cleft lip and cleft nose have an attention-drawing potential with the cleft lip being the major attention drawing factor. These data do not provide supportive evidence for the notion reported in literature that patients with clefts are perceived as having negative personality traits.
Quantification of visual attention directed towards cleft stigmata and its impact on the perception of selected personality traits.
METHODS
Forty observers were divided into two groups and their visual scan paths were recorded. Both groups observed a series of photographs displaying full frontal views of the faces of 18 adult patients with clefts, nine with residual cleft stigmata and nine with digitally-corrected stigmata (each patient only appeared once per series). Patients that appeared with residual stigmata in one series appeared digitally corrected in the other series and vice versa. Visual fixation times on the upper lip and nose were compared between the original and corrected photographs. Observers subsequently rated personality traits as perceived using visual analogue scales and the same photographs that they had observed in the series.
RESULTS
In faces depicting cleft stigmata observers spent more time looking at the oronasal region of interest, followed by the eyes (39.6%; SD 5.0 and 35.1%; SD 3.6, respectively, p = 0.0198). Observers spent more time looking at the cleft lip compared with the corrected lip (21.2%; SD 4.0 and 16.7%; SD 5.0, respectively, p = 0.006). The differences between questionnaire scores for faces with cleft stigmata compared with faces with corrected stigmata for withdrawn-sociable, discontent-content, lazy-assiduous, unimaginative-creative, unlikeable-likeable, and the sum of individual personality traits were not significant.
CONCLUSION
According to these findings, cleft lip and cleft nose have an attention-drawing potential with the cleft lip being the major attention drawing factor. These data do not provide supportive evidence for the notion reported in literature that patients with clefts are perceived as having negative personality traits.
- Language
-
- English
- Open access status
- closed
- Identifiers
-
- DOI 10.1016/j.jcms.2015.07.003
- PMID 26298551
- Persistent URL
- https://sonar.ch/global/documents/186456
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