Bürkle AMolecular Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, Box 628, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany. Electronic address: alexander.buerkle@uni-konstanz.de.
Moreno-Villanueva MMolecular Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, Box 628, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany.
Bernhard JBioTeSys GmbH, 73728 Esslingen, Germany.
Blasco MSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 3 Melchor Fernandez Almagro, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
Hoeijmakers JHDepartment of Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Toussaint OUniversity of Namur, Research Unit on Cellular Biology, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, Namur B-5000, Belgium.
Grubeck-Loebenstein BResearch Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg, 10, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Mocchegiani ETranslational Research Center of Nutrition and Ageing, IRCCS-INRCA, Via Birarelli 8, 60121 Ancona, Italy.
Collino SNestlé Institute of Health Sciences SA, Molecular Biomarkers, EPFL Innovation Park, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Gonos ESNational Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, Athens, Greece.
Sikora ELaboratory of the Molecular Bases of Ageing, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
Gradinaru DAna Aslan - National Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Bucharest, Romania.
Dollé MNational Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Prevention and Health Services Research, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Salmon MStraticell, Science Park Crealys, Rue Jean Sonet 10, 5032 Les Isnes, Belgium.
Kristensen PDepartment of Engineering - BCE Protein Engineering, Gustav Wiedsvej 10, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
Griffiths HRLife and Health Sciences, Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
Libert CDepartment for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.
Grune TInstitute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany; Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 24, 07743 Jena, Germany.
Breusing NInstitute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany.
Simm ADepartment of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Halle, Ernst-Grube Str. 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
Franceschi CCIG-Interdepartmental Center "L.Galvani", Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
Capri MCIG-Interdepartmental Center "L.Galvani", Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
Caiafa PDepartment of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, "Sapienza" University Rome, V.le Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Friguet BSorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR UPMC CNRS 8256, Biological adaptation and ageing - IBPS, INSERM U1164, F-75005 Paris, France.
Slagboom PEDepartment of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Hervonen AMedical School, University of Tampere, 33014 Tampere, Finland.
Hurme MMedical School, University of Tampere, 33014 Tampere, Finland.
Aspinall RRegenerative Medicine Group, Cranfield Health, Cranfield, UK.
English
Many candidate biomarkers of human ageing have been proposed in the scientific literature but in all cases their variability in cross-sectional studies is considerable, and therefore no single measurement has proven to serve a useful marker to determine, on its own, biological age. A plausible reason for this is the intrinsic multi-causal and multi-system nature of the ageing process. The recently completed MARK-AGE study was a large-scale integrated project supported by the European Commission. The major aim of this project was to conduct a population study comprising about 3200 subjects in order to identify a set of biomarkers of ageing which, as a combination of parameters with appropriate weighting, would measure biological age better than any marker in isolation.