Personality disorders and the five-factor model among French speakers in Africa and Europe.
- 2008-09-20
Published in:
- Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie. - 2008
Adolescent
Adult
Africa
Aged
Europe
Female
France
Humans
Language
Male
Mass Screening
Middle Aged
Personality Disorders
Personality Inventory
Surveys and Questionnaires
English
OBJECTIVE
To describe the relation between personality disorders (PDs) and the Five-Factor Model (FFM)--a dimensional model describing normal personality traits known for its invariance across cultures--in 2 different cultural settings. Several authors have suggested that PDs may be more accurately described using a dimensional model instead of a categorical one.
METHOD
Subjects from 9 French-speaking African countries (n = 2014) and from Switzerland (n = 697) completed both the French version of the International Personality Disorder Examination screening questionnaire, assessing the 10 DSM-IV PDs, and the French version of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory, assessing the 5 domains and 30 facets of the FFM.
RESULTS
Correlations between PDs and the 5 domains of the FFM were similar in both samples. For example, neuroticism was highly correlated with borderline, avoidant, and dependent PDs in both Africa and Switzerland. The total rank-order correlation (rho) between the 2 correlation matrices was very high (rho = 0.93) and significant (P < 0.001), as were the rhos for all domains of the FFM and all PDs, except paranoid and dependent PDs. However, the rhos for PDs across facet scales were all highly significant (P < 0.001). Moreover, 80% of Widiger and colleagues' predictions and 70% of Lynam and Widiger's prototypes, concerning the relation between PDs and the FFM, were confirmed in both samples.
CONCLUSIONS
The relation between PDs and the FFM was stable in 2 samples separated by a great cultural distance. These results suggest that a dimensional approach and in particular the FFM may be useful for describing PDs in various cultural settings.
To describe the relation between personality disorders (PDs) and the Five-Factor Model (FFM)--a dimensional model describing normal personality traits known for its invariance across cultures--in 2 different cultural settings. Several authors have suggested that PDs may be more accurately described using a dimensional model instead of a categorical one.
METHOD
Subjects from 9 French-speaking African countries (n = 2014) and from Switzerland (n = 697) completed both the French version of the International Personality Disorder Examination screening questionnaire, assessing the 10 DSM-IV PDs, and the French version of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory, assessing the 5 domains and 30 facets of the FFM.
RESULTS
Correlations between PDs and the 5 domains of the FFM were similar in both samples. For example, neuroticism was highly correlated with borderline, avoidant, and dependent PDs in both Africa and Switzerland. The total rank-order correlation (rho) between the 2 correlation matrices was very high (rho = 0.93) and significant (P < 0.001), as were the rhos for all domains of the FFM and all PDs, except paranoid and dependent PDs. However, the rhos for PDs across facet scales were all highly significant (P < 0.001). Moreover, 80% of Widiger and colleagues' predictions and 70% of Lynam and Widiger's prototypes, concerning the relation between PDs and the FFM, were confirmed in both samples.
CONCLUSIONS
The relation between PDs and the FFM was stable in 2 samples separated by a great cultural distance. These results suggest that a dimensional approach and in particular the FFM may be useful for describing PDs in various cultural settings.
- Language
-
- English
- Open access status
- bronze
- Identifiers
-
- DOI 10.1177/070674370805300808
- PMID 18801215
- Persistent URL
- https://sonar.ch/global/documents/46290
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